设施辣椒有机基质栽培研究  

Research on the Protected Cultivation of Pepper with Organic Substrate

作　　者：王安华 袁祖华[2] 苏胜权 何园 喻勇 肖昱涛 古湘 WANG Anhua;YUAN Zuhua;SU Shengquan;HE Yuan;YU Yong;XIAO Yutao;GU Xiang(Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Miluo,Miluo 414400,China;Vegetable Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410000,China;Yueyang Agricultural Science Research Institute,Yueyang 414000,China;Hunan Xintaihe Green Agriculture Group Company,Yueyang 414000,China;Junshan Agricultural Reclamation Group,Yueyang 414000,China)

机构地区：[1]汨罗市农业农村局,湖南汨罗414400 [2]湖南省蔬菜研究所,长沙410125 [3]岳阳市农业科学研究院,湖南岳阳414000 [4]湖南省新泰和绿色农业集团有限公司,湖南岳阳414000 [5]湖南省君山农垦集团有限公司,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《辣椒杂志》2024年第2期38-41,共4页Journal of China Capsicum

基　　金：湖南创新型省份建设专项-创新平台与人才计划项目(2022NK4243)。

摘　　要：本文以‘软皮15号’辣椒为研究对象,以常规土壤栽培作对照,在连续4年种植辣椒的大棚内探索了有机基质栽培辣椒的应用效果。结果发现:与常规土壤栽培相比,有机基质栽培的植株现蕾期和门花开花期提前4d,果实始收期提前9d,前期产量和总产量分别比土壤栽培高57%和47%;有机基质栽培植株在株高、茎粗、分枝、叶片、成花及结果数等生长发育状况上具有明显优势,其中根系发育优势显著,根系干重比对照增加57.1%;同等管理水平下有机基质栽培辣椒根腐病发生率和死株率明显降低。结果表明,有机基质栽培较土壤栽培能大幅度提高辣椒产量,果实商品品质更好,产值提高。有机基质栽培方式操作简单、投入少,栽培稳定性强,管理方便,相较于有机基质生态型无土栽培更适合规模化生产。In this study,the pepper variety Ruanpi 15 was used as the material,and the conventional soil was used as the control.The effects of organic substrate cultivation on pepper production were explored in a greenhouse where pepper had been continuously planted for 4 years.The results showed that compared with conventional soil cultivation,the occurrence of bud and gate flower were 4 days earlier,and the fruit harvesting date was 9 days earlier for the peppers cultivated using organic substrate.Meanwhile,the early and total yields for organic substrate cultivation were also 57%and 47%higher than that of soil cultivation,respectively.Plant under organic substrate cultivation had significant advantages in growth and development,such as plant height,stem diameter,branching,leaves,flowering,and number of fruits.Among them,the dry weight of root was increased up to 57.1%under organic substrate cultivation compared with that of conventional soil cultivation.Under the same management,the incidence and mortality rates of root rot disease of plants under organic substrate cultivation were significantly reduced.Organic substrate cultivation could significantly increase pepper yield,improve fruit quality,and increase output value compared with conventional soil cultivation.The organic substrate cultivation method is simple to operate and manage,requires less investment,has strong cultivation stability,and is suitable for large-scale production.

关 键 词：有机基质栽培 设施辣椒 产量 土传病害 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]