砂土爆炸成坑离心模型试验相似律研究  

Scaling laws for centrifuge modelling of explosion-induced cratering in sand

作　　者：管龙华 卢强[3] 赵凤奎 张德志[3] 汪玉冰 GUAN Longhua;LU Qiang;ZHAO Fengkui;ZHANG Dezhi;WANG Yubing(Center for Hypergravity Experiment and Interdisciplinary Research,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi'an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学超重力研究中心,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [3]西北核技术研究所强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室,陕西西安710024

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2024年第7期1462-1470,共9页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(51988101)。

摘　　要：传统弹坑相似律存在适用性和有效性不足的问题,且爆炸成坑离心试验中的科氏力作用尚不明确。开展了砂土中的触地、浅埋爆炸成坑离心模型试验,探究不同重力加速度、药量和埋深工况下的爆炸成坑规律。推导了浅埋和触地爆炸弹坑相似律,给出了弹坑半径公式。对离心模拟爆炸成坑过程中的科氏力作用进行了定量分析和数值模拟。研究结果表明:提出的弹坑相似律能够适用于触地和浅埋爆炸工况,并针对干砂中的离心机试验和常重力试验弹坑数据取得了良好的归一化结果。科氏力主要通过改变土体抛掷回落运动轨迹来影响最终的弹坑形态,浅埋爆炸成坑试验中明显观察到科氏力的影响,弹坑轮廓向着离心机转动方向偏移;触地爆炸弹坑则基本不受科氏力影响。使用更大半径的离心机设备以及在更高离心加速度下开展试验可以显著减小科氏力引起的弹坑偏移误差。研究结果对爆炸成坑效应的离心物理模拟技术和理论分析提供了参考和依据。There are shortcomings in generality and applicability for the traditional crater scaling laws,and the Coriolis effects on explosion cratering in centrifuge tests are still unclear.The centrifuge modelling including buried and surface explosions is performed to investigate the cratering effects under different centrifugal accelerations,charge weights and buried depths.The scaling laws on buried and surface explosion craters are derived,and the formula for the crater radius is given.The quantitative analysis and numerical simulation of the Coriolis effects on explosion cratering are carried out.The results show that the proposed crater scaling laws can be applied to both the buried and surface explosions in dry sand,and good uniformity is obtained for the crater data from both the centrifuge tests and 1g tests.The Coriolis force primarily affects the profile of the apparent crater by changing the motion trajectory of sand particles,and it is obviously observed in the buried explosion tests,and the crater profile is asymmetric and shift in the direction of centrifuge rotation.However,the Coriolis force has a negligible effect on the surface explosion cratering.The crater offset error can be significantly reduced by using a centrifuge with a larger beam radius and conducting tests at higher centrifugal accelerations.The research results provide reference and a basis for the centrifugal modelling and theoretical analysis of explosion cratering.

关 键 词：爆炸成坑 离心模型试验 相似律 科氏力 

分 类 号：TU411[建筑科学—岩土工程]