镓基液态金属颗粒的过冷和氧化行为研究进展  

Research Progress on the Supercooling and Oxidation Properties of Ga-based Liquid Metal

作　　者：何思远 姚斌 苏海军[2] 曾铱航 王润 黄起予 HE Siyuan;YAO Bin;SU Haijun;ZENG Yihang;WANG Run;HUANG Qiyu(School of Aerospace Science and Technology,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China;State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学空间科学与技术学院,陕西西安710071 [2]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《铸造技术》2024年第7期605-616,共12页Foundry Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52303156);西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLSP202305)。

摘　　要：镓基液态金属以其流动性、高导电性、高导热性和无毒性等优点,在柔性电子领域引起广泛关注。其流动性和理论上无限的延展性是其在柔性电子中具有突出优势的核心因素。镓基液态金属展现出显著的过冷特性,可在远低于其熔点的温度下保持液态,为低温应用开辟了可能性。在含氧/含水环境中,液态金属易发生氧化反应,形成氧化物甚至完全转变为固体。在过冷状态下突然的结晶凝固和在含氧/含水环境中的氧化反应可能导致流动性和原有性能丧失,进而影响其结构和功能的稳定性。本文综述了镓基液态金属的过冷和氧化行为,详细阐述了其转变机制,并对当前面临的挑战和未来的发展方向进行了探讨。Ga-based liquid metals have gained significant attention in the field of flexible electronics due to their inherent properties such as good fluidity,high electrical and thermal conductivity,and non-toxicity.The undercooling phenomenon and oxidation behavior of these liquid metals are crucial factors influencing their stability and applicability in various environments.Under specific conditions,Ga-based liquid metals exhibit remarkable undercooling behavior,maintaining a liquid state even at temperatures far below their solidification point.They readily react with oxygen and water,leading to the formation of solid oxides,which poses challenges to their stability and functionality.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress on the undercooling and oxidation properties of Ga-based liquid metals.It discusses the mechanisms behind undercooling and the formation of oxide layers,emphasizing the factors affecting their stability and controllability.Furthermore,recent advancements in mitigating undercooling and oxidation effects is explored.

关 键 词：镓基液态金属 液态稳定性 过冷 氧化 凝固 

分 类 号：TG132.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]