拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的研究与开发进展  

Research and Development Progress of Pyrethroid Insecticides

作　　者：王莹[1] 石中亮[1] WANG Ying;SHI Zhong-liang(College of Science,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学理学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《化学试剂》2024年第8期50-58,共9页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目(LQ2020027,LJKMZ20220763);辽宁省高等学校创新团队项目(LT2020016)。

摘　　要：综述了拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的发展历程、作用机理、结构分类和近些年的结构修饰研究。天然除虫菊素具有高效、低毒、低残留的优点,一直被认为是理想的杀虫剂。然而,由于其易被日光分解,一直无法大规模推广。多年来,为了克服天然除虫菊素光稳定性差、合成成本高等缺点,科研人员通过对天然除虫菊素进行立体构型分析以及结构修饰,开发了一大批广谱且高效的拟除虫菊酯。相比天然除虫菊素,人工合成的拟除虫菊酯的光稳定性有了很大的改善。但是,害虫却容易对其产生抗性,且对鱼类等水生动物有毒,因此,这对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的开发又提出了新的要求。This paper reviewed the development process,action mechanism,structural classification and structural modification researches in recent years of pyrethroid insecticides.Natural pyrethrins have the advantages of high efficiency,low toxicity and low residue,and have always been considered as an ideal insecticide.However,due to its easy decomposition by sunlight,it has not been able to be popularized on a large scale.Over the years,researchers have made a lot of efforts to overcome the shortcomings of poor photostability and high synthesis cost of natural pyrethrins.Through the three-dimensional structure analysis and structural modification of natural pyrethrins,a large number of broad-spectrum and efficient pyrethroids have been developed.Compared with natural pyrethrins,the photostability of synthetic pyrethroids has been greatly improved,but pests are easy to resist them,and they are highly toxic to aquatic animals such as fish,which puts forward new requirements for the development of pyrethroid insecticides.

关 键 词：拟除虫菊酯 天然除虫菊素 绿色农药 发展历程 结构修饰 

分 类 号：TQ453[化学工程—农药化工]