新时代粮食安全战略下中国农业保险功能定位与改革取向  

Functional Positioning and Reform Orientation of Agricultural Insurance in China under the Food Security Strategy in the New Era

作　　者：李新光 郭连强[2] 祝国平 LI Xin-guang;GUO Lian-qiang;ZHU Guo-ping

机构地区：[1]吉林财经大学吉林经济研究中心,长春130117 [2]吉林省社会科学院,长春130033

出　　处：《求是学刊》2024年第4期45-53,共9页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“多主体多渠道耦合协同的现代农业投融资机制构建与政策选择研究”(22JL014)。

摘　　要：在国家粮食安全新形势下,我国粮食安全风险保障也呈现新特征:粮食安全风险保障的方向由强调粮食生产端,向重视粮食全产业链条的风险保障转变;粮食安全保障的内容由数量风险,向数量、质量和生态等综合风险转变;粮食安全保障的重点由生产环节的自然风险防范,向兼顾自然、市场、责任、政策等多重风险防范转变;粮食安全保障的范围由聚焦国内风险,向统筹国内国外风险转变。面对粮食安全风险保障的新特征,客观上要求我国农业保险的功能定位做出相应调整,农业保险的风险保障功能应达到新高度、收入转移功能应达到新准度、产业引导功能应展现新作为、要素保障功能应拓展新领域。适应农业保险功能的重新定位,我国农业保险在保障粮食安全的改革取向上也要做出战略性的改变:围绕粮食多维风险保障需要,在政策、组织和法制方面不断完善农业保险制度体系;着眼粮食安全面临的新形势和风险的新特征,调整和完善“政府+市场”双轮驱动机制;聚焦农业保险的新功能定位,在“扩面、提标、增品”方面创新多元产品供给;统筹农业保险风险管理,加快完善巨灾保险制度以期有效防范并应对重大农业灾害。Under the new situation of national food security,China’s food security risk guarantee also presents new features as follows.The direction of food security risk guarantee is changing emphasis from the food pro-duction end to the risk guarantee of the whole food industry chain;the content of food security guarantee is changing from quantitative risk to comprehensive risk of quantity,quality and ecology;the focus of food secu-rity has shifted from preventing natural risks in the production chain to taking into account multiple risks such as natural,market,responsibility and policy;and the scope of food security has shifted from focusing on domes-tic risks to integrating domestic and foreign risks.In the face of the new features of food security risk guaran-tee,it is objectively required to make corresponding adjustments to the positioning of China’s agricultural insurance function,the risk guarantee function of agricultural insurance should reach a new height,the income transfer function should reach a new degree of accuracy,the industrial guidance function should show a new role,and the factor guarantee function should expand into a new field.Adapting to the repositioning of the function of agricultural insurance,China’s agricultural insurance should also make strategic changes in the reform orientation of food security protection.For instance,it should focus on the needs of multi-dimensional risk protection for food,continuously improving the agricultural insurance system in terms of policy,organiza-tion and legal system.It should focus on the new situation of food security and the new characteristics of risk,adjusting and improving the“government+market”dual-wheel drive mechanism.It also should focus on the new function and positioning of agricultural insurance,innovating and diversifying the product supply in terms of“expanding the surface,improving the standard and increasing the variety of products”.Finally,it should coordinate the risk management of agricultural insurance,and accelerate the imp

关 键 词：粮食安全 农业保险 保险体系 功能定位 

分 类 号：F842.66[经济管理—保险]