从族类到户籍:“不分满汉,但问旗民”含义析  

From Ethnic Group to Household:The Meaning of“Never Mind Whether You Are a Manchu or a Han,but Do Mind Whether You Are a Bannerman or a Civilian”

作　　者：赵世瑜[1] Zhao Shiyu(Department of History,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期96-105,共10页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：“不分满汉,但问旗民”,是清史和满族史研究者耳熟能详的一句俗语。长期以来,研究者均未说明此语来自何处,因此,这句话多被理解为强调清代满汉或旗民之别的表达。然而这句俗语毕竟暗示了某种变化,这就是从强调满汉族类差异到强调旗民户籍之别的变化,因此具有“民化”或在地化的意涵。而由“入籍”成为国家编户的“民化”或在地化过程,是从明代甚至更早时期一直延续不断的。“Never mind whether you are a Manchu or a Han,but do mind whether you are a Bannerman or a civilian”,which is a folk saying well known among the scholars of Qing history and of Manchu history.For a long time,these scholars have not made it clear where this folk saying comes from.And,this saying is often expressed as an emphasis on the status differences between a Manchu and a Han,and those between a Bannerman and a civilian.However,this folk saying implied certain changes,which were the changes from the emphasis on the ethnic differences between a Manchu and a Han,to the emphasis on the differences between a Bannerman and a civilian in household registration,so that it had the implication of“civilianization”or localization.This process represented by the people whose households were nationally registered lasted from the Ming Dynasty,and even from much earlier without break.

关 键 词：“不分满汉 但问旗民” 族类 户籍 “民化” 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]