进城落户农民“三权”财产权益的保障和实现:关键难点与机制构建  

Protection and Realization of"Three Rights"for Migrant Farmers Settled in Cities:Key Difficulties and Mechanism Design

作　　者：曲颂[1] 郭君平[1] 李荣耀 Qu Song;Guo Jun-ping;Li Rong-yao

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 [2]农业农村部管理干部学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2024年第8期77-87,共11页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“产业利益联结阻断‘两类户’返贫致贫风险的机制优化研究”(21BJY224)。

摘　　要：在充分保障进城落户农民“三权”的前提下,构建“三权”财产权益实现机制既是推进新型城镇化和农业现代化的必然要求,也处在重要窗口期。本文立足城乡融合发展视角,以户籍关系变化和集体经济组织成员身份调整为逻辑主线,审视进城落户农民“三权”的内涵演化,梳理进城落户农民“三权”处置的政策脉络和地方探索,进而剖析构建进城落户农民“三权”财产权益实现机制的关键难点。研究认为,构建进城落户农民“三权”财产权益实现机制的关键难点在于辨明农民进城落户与融入城镇的关系,厘清集体内部转让与市场资源配置的边界,着力解决“三权”退出补偿不足的核心问题,确立“以用定转、转用联动”一体化机制,抓住集体成员身份去留的根本症结,以及做好退村进城之间权利保障的接续衔接。在此基础上,应建立集体经济组织成员身份动态调整机制、健全多层级多元化补偿机制、推进农村产权交易市场体系建设“软硬兼施”完善引导机制、统筹推进改革与完善配套制度。Under the premise of protecting the"three rights"of migrant farmers settled in cities,constructing the realization mechanism of the three property rights is not only the inevitable requirement for promoting new urbanization and agricultural modernization,but also at an important window period.Based on the the perspective of urban-rural integration,this paper closely follows two main internal lines of household registration migration and membership adjustment of collective economic organization,examines the connotation of the paid transfer and withdrawal of the"three rights",summarizes the policy context and local exploration of the disposal of the"three rights",targets the key difficulties in the realization of the three property rights,and then puts forward suggestions for constructing the realization mechanism of the three property rights.The study proposes that the key dfficulties existing in defining the relationship between settled in cities and integrated into cities,clarifying the boundary between intra-collective transfer and market resource allocation,solving the crucial problem of insufficient compensation for withdrawal,establishing the integrated mechanism of"uses determines the transfer,linkage between transfer and uses",clarifying the logic behind the retention or loss of identity of collective members,and improving the connection mechanism of right transfer from village to city.Then the paper further puts forward some policy suggestions,such as building the dynamic adjustment mechanism of collective membership,perfecting the multi-level and diversified compensation mechanism,promoting the construction of rural property rights transfer and trading market system,taking"carrot and stick"measures to improve the guidance mechanism,promoting the coordinated reforms and improving the supporting systems.

关 键 词：进城落户农民 “三权” 有偿转让与退出 实现机制 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]