2种典型森林凋落物动态变化及其分解特征研究  

Dynamics and decomposition characteristics of litter of two typical forest species

作　　者：云丽丽[1,2] 张慧东 易达[1,2] 黄夏 YUN Lili;ZHANG Huidong;YI Da;HUANG Xia(Liaoning Academy of Forestry,Shenyang 110032,China;Liaoning Binglashan Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Tieling 112404,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110032 [2]辽宁冰砬山森林生态系统定位研究站,辽宁铁岭112404

出　　处：《辽宁林业科技》2024年第3期11-16,68,共7页Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省林业和草原局科技创新平台研发项目(LLC[2023]14、LLC[2022]9);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2201004-05);辽宁省博士科研启动基金(2023010423-JH3/101)。

摘　　要：森林凋落物是土壤有机碳和植物养分循环的主要来源,为揭示辽宁冰砬山森林生态系统碳循环及能量转换规律,该文以蒙古栎次生林和长白落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用地表凋落物样地调查、凋落物收集、尼龙袋分解等,开展凋落物现存量、输入量及其分解动态特征研究。结果表明:蒙古栎林地表凋落物现存量(7.73 t·hm^(-2))小于长白落叶松林(25.82 t·hm^(-2)),年凋落物输入量(3.59 t·hm^(-2)).大于长白落叶松林(3.22 t·hm^(-2))。两种林型各龄组凋落物月输入量均为单峰动态模式,10月为凋落物输入量最高,凋落叶为主要来源。两种林型凋落叶分解过程符合Olson指数衰减模型,表达式分别为y_(蒙)=0.98704e^(-0.214x),y_(落)=1.02.61e^(-0.213x),得出蒙古栎凋落叶分解系数(0.214)大于长白落叶松(0.213),分解达到95%时,蒙古栎需要时间(13.94年)小于长白落叶松(14.19年)。Forest litter is an important source of forest carbon pools and soil nutrients,as well as the most dangerous ignition material for forest fires.It is of great significance for maintaining the stability of forest ecosystem functions.This study analyzed the current stock,input,and decomposition dynamics of litter in the secondary forest of Quercus mongolica and Larch plantations.The results showed that the current stock of litter on the ground surface of the Q.mongolica forest(7.73 t·hm^(-2))was less than that of the Larch forest(25.82 t·hm^(-2)).The annual litter input of the Q.mongolica forest(3.59 t·hm^(-2))was greater than that of the Larch forest(3.22 t·hm^(-2)).The monthly input of litter in different age groups of the two forest types showed a unimodal dynamic pattern,with the highest input in October,and the main source was fallen leaves.The decomposition process of fallen leaves in the two forest types conformed to the Olson exponential decay model,with the expressions being ymeng=0.98704e^(-0.214x)and yluo=1.02.61e^(-0.213x),respectively.It was estimated that it would take 3.18 years and 3.38 years for the decomposition of fallen leaves in the Q.mongolica forest and larch forest to reach 50%,respectively;and 13.94 years and 14.19 years for the decomposition to reach 95%,respectively.The results of this study will provide a reference for revealing the carbon and nutrient cycles of forest ecosystems in this region.

关 键 词：凋落物 现存量 输入量 月动态 分解规律 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]