中国LNG接收站发展趋势及利用效率提升思考  

Discussion on development trends and utilization efficiency enhancement of LNG terminals in China

作　　者：武艺 李然[1] 张丹迪 WU Yi;LI Ran;ZHANG Dandi(PetroChina Natural Gas Sales Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司天然气销售分公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2024年第7期721-729,共9页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：【目的】近年来,中国LNG接收站的建设发展迅速,其作为接卸远洋进口LNG资源的终端基础设施,为中国进口天然气开辟了海上通道,在能源结构体系中占据重要地位,分析其发展趋势、探索其利用效率提升策略对保障国家能源供应安全及促进天然气市场多元化具有重要意义。【方法】回顾从2006年中国首座LNG接收站——广东大鹏LNG接收站建成投产至今,特别是2019年12月国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司成立以来,中国LNG接收站的发展历程与未来趋势,分析进口长协LNG资源供应情况与LNG接收站剩余能力,讨论LNG接收站利用效率提升策略与实践,包括:国家层面发布推动LNG接收站公平开放指导意见,管网设施运营企业落实LNG接收站公平开放要求,资源供应企业创新式提出开放LNG接收站相关举措。【结果】随着天然气消费量的不断增长,进口LNG不断涌入中国市场,LNG产业有望在中国获得更多的投资、发展及建站机会;随着中国能源领域技术创新与迭代升级,LNG接收站可大幅提高其能源利用效率,降低生产成本,建成更加可靠稳定的LNG供应链;从远期来讲,中国LNG接收站存在利用效率降低的风险。【结论】提出中国LNG接收站发展建议:压实保供责任,有序开放接收站使用;加速基础设施建设,提速互保互供、互联互通工程,确保长协资源稳定消纳;创新国际贸易方式,充分利用保税优惠政策,稳步提升接收站利用效率。[Objective]China has significantly accelerated the construction of liquefied natural gas(LNG)terminals in recent years.The terminal infrastructure for unloading imported LNG resources through ocean transport has established a sea passage for China's natural gas imports,which hold a critical position in the nation's energy mix.Therefore,analyzing development trends and exploring strategies to enhance the utilization efficiency of LNG terminals are immensely significant to ensure national security in energy supply and promote the diversification of the natural gas market.[Methods]This study delved into the developmental trajectory of LNG terminals in China,starting from the inauguration of the Dapeng LNG Terminal in 2006 in Guangdong as China's first of its kind,and particularly focusing on the period following the establishment of the China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Corporation in December 2019,and offered insights into future trends.An analysis was undertaken to scrutinize the supply of LNG resources through long-term import agreements and the surplus capacity of LNG terminals within China.Moreover,in-depth discussions revolved around tactics and practices to enhance the utilization eficiency of these LNG terminals,such as the issuance of guidance at the national level to bolster the fairness and openness of LNG terminals,compliance with fairness and openness requirements for LNG terminals across operators of pipeline network facilities,and the introduction of innovative measures concerning the openness of LNG terminals by resource supply enterprises.[Results]The ongoing expansion of natural gas consumption and the increasing influx of imported LNG in China's market have created a conducive environment for heightened investment,development,and construction within the country's LNG industry.Technological advancements and continual upgrades in China's energy sector have opened up possibilities for significantly enhancing the energy utilization efficiency of these LNG terminals and curbing operational expenses,th

关 键 词：液化天然气 LNG接收站 公平开放 互保互供 利用效率 

分 类 号：TE89[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]