兼顾碳减排与粮食安全的山区耕地利用路径探索  

Pathways of cropland use in mountainous areas balancingcarbon emission reduction and food security

作　　者：陈波[1] 刘芮羽 何兆雄 姜侯 CHEN Bo;LIU Ruiyu;HE Zhaoxiong;JIANG Hou(Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学,贵阳550025 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2024年第7期1372-1388,共17页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807366);贵州财经大学2022年度在校学生科研项目(2022ZXSY108)。

摘　　要：为探究山区耕地利用过程中实现减排增汇与保障粮食安全的发展路径,以典型喀斯特地貌分布的贵州省为研究区,论文建立了山区耕地碳排放量及农作物碳吸收量综合评估的方法体系。该体系使用碳排放系数测算贵州省及各市州耕地碳排放,利用参数估算法测算农作物碳吸收量,并基于对数平均迪氏指数法(LMDI)分析2010—2021年间不同时期贵州省耕地利用碳排放影响因素,揭示山区耕地在自身独特的资源禀赋下,如何在耕地利用过程中减排增汇并保障粮食安全,探索新时期山区耕地利用可持续发展。研究结果表明:(1)贵州省耕地碳排放量近12年来呈先升后降趋势,化肥使用量是贵州省及各市州在耕地利用过程中产生碳排放的主要调控因素,是山区耕地碳减排的关键。(2)贵州省农作物碳吸收能力具有较大潜力。虽然各市州作物种植结构存在差异,但水稻和玉米仍是贵州省与大部分市州主要的粮食作物,在耕地作为碳汇中发挥着重要作用。(3)农作物种植结构对贵州省耕地碳排放具有显著的抑制作用,而农业经济水平与耕地碳排放呈正相关关系。贵州省在兼顾耕地减排增汇与粮食安全发展的过程中,要减少化肥的盲目投入,在建设高标准农田的基础上,加快加深农业产业结构调整,这对贵州省农业绿色低碳发展乃至助力国家“双碳”目标的实现都具有重要意义。In order to explore the development pathways of achieving carbon emission reduction and carbon sink enhancement and safeguarding food security in the process of utilizing cropland in mountainous areas,this study established a methodological system for the comprehensive assessment of carbon emissions from cropland in mountainous areas and carbon uptake by crops,taking Guizhou Province,where the typical karst landscapes are distributed,as the study area.This study used carbon emission coefficients to measure carbon emissions from cropland in Guizhou Province and its cities and prefectures,and parameter estimation method to measure crop carbon sequestration.It also analyzed the influencing factors of carbon emissions from cropland use in Guizhou Province in different periods between 2010 and 2021 based on the logarithmic mean Divisa index(LMDI)factor decomposition model.The study revealed the pathways to reduce emissions and increase sinks in the process of cropland utilization and ensure food security with the unique resource endowments of mountainous cropland,and explored the sustainable development of cropland use in mountainous areas in the new period.The results of the study show that:1)Carbon emissions from cropland in Guizhou Province have been on the rise for the past 12 years,and the amount of fertilizer use was the main regulating factor of carbon emissions,which is the key to carbon emission reduction from cropland in the area.2)The carbon sequestration capacity of crops in Guizhou Province has a large potential.Although there are differences in the crop planting structure of each city and prefecture,rice and corn are still the main food crops in the province and most of the cities and prefectures,and play an important role in cropland as a carbon sink.3)The planting structure of crops has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emissions from cropland,while the level of development of the agricultural economy is positively correlated with carbon emissions from the cropland.It is necessary to reduce the

关 键 词：山区耕地 碳排放 碳吸收 LMDI 粮食安全 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] F323.211