山地丘陵村域乡村劳动力本地务工率区域差异及影响因素——以重庆市189个村为例  

Regional differences and influencing factors of local employment rates of rural laborers in mountainous and hilly village areas:A case study of 189 villages in Chongqing Municipality

作　　者：刘亭 洪惠坤[1,2,3] 蔡智聪 杨胜强 罗沁怡 LIU Ting;HONG Huikun;CAI Zhicong;YANG Shengqiang;LUO Qinyi(School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;New Liberal Arts Laboratory of Western Rural Sustainable Development,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Southwest University Center for Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学西部乡村可持续发展新文科实验室,重庆400715 [3]西南大学精准扶贫与区域发展评估研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2024年第7期1403-1415,共13页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BSH079)。

摘　　要：乡村劳动力本地务工可缓解乡村空心化问题,助推乡村振兴。论文以重庆市189个村为例,运用空间自相关、克里金插值法识别村域劳动力本地务工率区域差异,利用多元线性回归和地理探测器等方法甄别影响村域本地务工率区域差异的主要因素,揭示了村域本地务工率区域差异的发生机理。结果表明:①重庆市村域本地务工率分布具有明显地域差异性,呈现出“西高东低、局部突出”的空间格局,“高—高”集聚区主要分布在自然环境和经济社会发展较好的渝中片区、渝中周边片区,“低—低”集聚区主要集中在自然环境和经济基础偏差的渝东北、渝东南片区。②本地务工率空间分异格局是宜居、宜业、和美三大维度因素共同作用的结果,人均可支配收入、村两委受教育程度、乡镇路网密度、村集体收入、乡镇规模企业数量及村民对村委工作信任度具有显著正向影响,村镇距离和坡度是负向影响因素,任意两个影响因子的交互作用均会增强本地务工率空间分异的解释力。③未来重庆市乡村吸纳更多劳动力在本地务工的重点在于推进乡村道路等基础设施建设、加快村镇产业发展和强化村干部队伍建设。研究有助于加深对新形势下中国乡村劳动力就地就近转移趋势的理解和认识,为科学制定乡村发展战略提供参考依据。Local employment of rural laborers can alleviate the problem of hollowing out of villages and promote rural revitalization.Taking 189 villages in Chongqing Municipality as an example,this study used spatial autocorrelation and Kriging interpolation methods to identify regional differences in village local employment rates,and used multiple linear regression and geographical detector to identify the main factors affecting regional differences in village local employment rates,and reveal the mechanism of regional differences in village local employment rates.The results show that:1)There are obvious regional differences in the distribution of village local employment rates in Chongqing,showing a spatial pattern of high in the west,low in the east,and locally prominent.High-high agglomerations are mainly located in the central Chongqing area and its peripheral areas,which have good natural environments and economic and social development,while low-low agglomerations are mainly concentrated in the northeast and southeast of Chongqing,which have poor natural environments and economic foundations.2)The spatial pattern of local employment rates is the result of the interaction of livability,workability,and beautiful and harmonious village environment factors.Per capita disposable income,educational level of village committee members,density of road network in townships,collective income of villages,the number of large-scale enterprises in townships,and trust of village residents in the work of the village committees have a significant positive effect,distance between villages and townships and slope are negative factors,and the interaction of any two factors enhances the explanatory power of the spatial differentiation of local employment rates.3)In the future,the focus of villages in Chongqing to absorb more laborers to work locally is to promote the construction of rural roads and other infrastructure,accelerate the industrial development of villages and towns,and strengthen the development of village cadre teams.This

关 键 词：村域 本地务工率 区域差异 山地丘陵区 重庆市 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F249.27