飞行学员心理选拔预测效度研究  

A study on predictive validity of psychological selection for student pilots

作　　者：王雪峰 张焱 范丙杰 李盛利 邓学谦 张宜爽 杨柳 Wang Xuefeng;Zhang Yan;Fan Bingjie;Li Shengli;Deng Xueqian;Zhang Yishuang;Yang Liu(Pilot Selection Bureau of PLA Air Force,Beijing 100195,China;Department of Aviation Psychology,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;Aviation University of Air Force,Changchun 130022,China;Shenyang Selection Center,Pilot Selection Bureau of PLA Air Force,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]空军招飞局,北京100195 [2]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空心理研究室,北京100142 [3]空军航空大学,长春130022 [4]空军招飞局沈阳选拔中心,沈阳110015

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2024年第1期1-5,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析飞行学员心理选拔综合考评成绩(total score of psychological selection,TSPS)对初级训练阶段的预测效度,为飞行学员心理选拔工作提供数据参考。方法采用系统评价研究。对某院校近年毕业的飞行学员进行整群抽样,调取能够反映初级训练阶段综合能力水平的总评成绩和招飞阶段高考成绩,进行标准化(标准差标准化)转换,分别作为飞行绩效(flight performance,FP)和高考标准成绩(standardized scores of college entrance examination,SSCEE);调取TSPS及其3个分项成绩(均为9分制标准分):基本认知能力测试成绩(basic cognitive ability scores,BCAS)、飞行特殊能力测试成绩(flight special ability scores,FSAS)和专家面试评估成绩(interview performance scores,IPS)。将SSCEE按照标准差划分为高分组(≥1.0分)、中分组(-1.0~1.0分)和低分组(≤-1.0分);TSPS按照招飞阶段分级方式划分为高分组(≥6.5分)、中分组(4.5~6.5分)和低分组(≤4.5分)。比较不同生源类型、SSCEE和TSPS飞行学员的FP差异,并分析FP与SSCEE、TSPS、BCAS、FSAS及IPS的相关性。以FP为因变量,以BCAS、FSAS、IPS、SSCEE为自变量,构建回归方程。根据相关性分析和回归分析预测结果,计算BCAS、FSAS、IPS构成TSPS的最优权重模型。结果共选取267名飞行学员,TSPS以及BCAS、FSAS、IPS与FP呈正相关(r=0.440、0.160、0.303、0.380,P均<0.001)。不同TSPS组飞行学员的FP差异有统计学意义(H=55.37,P<0.001);不同生源组飞行学员的FP、TSPS差异均有统计学意义(H=7.26,F=7.43,P=0.039、<0.001);不同SSCEE组飞行学员的FP、TSPS差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。基于相关系数、回归系数计算的TSPS与FP均呈正相关(r=0.450、0.452,P均<0.001)。各模型结果均优于现有模型的预测效度(0.440)。结论在招飞阶段心理选拔中,FSAS、IPS对飞行学员训练效能的预测有正向作用,且在TSPS模型中权重较高。建议通过科学调度、动态优化和有效的评价�Objective To provide data references for psychological selection of student pilots by verifying the predictive validity of the total score of psychological selection(TSPS)in primary training stage.Methods A systematic evaluation study was conducted.A cluster sampling of student pilots graduated from an academy in recent years was performed.The total scores that represented the comprehensive level of the students in primary training stage and their scores of college entrance examination in recruitment stage were collected and converted(standard deviation standardization)into flight performance(FP)and standardized scores of college entrance examination(SSCEE).TSPS was extracted and its 3 sub-scores,such as basic cognitive ability scores(BCAS),flight special ability scores(FSAS)and interview performance scores(IPS),were processed to 9-point scale.According to standard deviation,SSCEE was divided into high score group(≥1.0 point),medium score group(-1.0-1.0 point)and low score group(≤-1.0 point).TSPS was divided into high score group(≥6.5 points),medium score group(4.5-6.5 points)and low score group(≤4.5 points)according to the classification method of enrollment stage.The FP differences were compared among different student pools,SSCEE and TSPS.The correlation between FP and SSCEE,TSPS,BCAS,FSAS and IPS was analyzed respectively.By taking BCAS,FSAS,IPS and SSCEE as the independent variables and FP as the dependent variable,the regression equation was constructed.According to the prediction results of correlation analysis and regression analysis,the optimal weights of BCAS,FSAS and IPS composed in TSPS model were calculated.Results A total of 267 student pilots were selected,and TSPS,BCAS,FSAS and IPS all showed positive correlations with FP(r=0.440,0.160,0.303,0.380,all P<0.001).There was a significant difference in FP among different TSPS group(H=55.37,P<0.001).There were significant differences in FP and TSPS among different student pool groups(H=7.26,F=7.43,P=0.039,<0.001).There was no significant differe

关 键 词：心理学 合格鉴定 预测 回归分析 飞行学员 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]