草莓红叶病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究与防控药剂筛选  

Identification,biological characteristics and fungicide screening of the pathogen of strawberry red leaf disease

作　　者：凌焕贵 杨峰 尹俞蓉 陈宸 陈夕军[1] LING Huangui;YANG Feng;YIN Yurong;CHEN Chen;CHEN Xijun(College of Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2024年第3期130-139,共10页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省现代农业面上项目(BE2018359);扬州大学创新培育基金项目(135030485)。

摘　　要：红叶病是一种新发现的草莓真菌病害,近年各地均有发生,给草莓生产造成严重损失。为明确草莓红叶病致病菌种类及其生物学特性,探究病原菌侵入方式,并筛选防控草莓红叶病的化学药剂,采集辽宁丹东地区的草莓红叶病样品,利用组织分离、孢子悬浮液接种、形态学与分子生物学鉴定等方法明确其病原菌种类及侵染方式,探索室内条件下温度、pH、碳源和氮源对病原菌生长的影响,测定6种杀菌剂对病原菌的毒力。结果表明:草莓红叶病的致病菌为蔷薇新拟盘多毛孢(Neopestalotiopsis rosae),可通过伤口侵入;N.rosae在25℃、pH 7.0条件下最适合生长,以可溶性淀粉、葡萄糖或蔗糖为碳源,以牛肉膏或硫酸铵为氮源;咪鲜胺、咯菌腈、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑和戊唑醇对N.rosae的抑制效果较好,EC50值分别为0.022 8、0.087 3、1.263 6、3.123 9和5.304 6μg·mL-1,嘧菌酯效果较差,EC50值为120.482 3μg·mL-1。这一研究为草莓红叶病的防控提供理论依据。Red leaf disease,a newly discovered fungal disease of strawberry,occurred in many places and caused serious losses of strawberry production in recent years.In order to identify the pathogen,explore its biological characteristic and invasion mode,and screen the suitable fungicide for controlling this disease,serial assays including tissue separation,single-spore purification,pathogenicity test,morphological and phylogenetic analysis,biological characterization and invasion mode study,and the sensitivity test to the six fungicides were proceeded.The purified fungus from the samples collected from Dandong city,Liaoning province,was identified as Neopestalotiopsis rosae,which invaded the host through wounds.The N.rosaeisolate was suitable for growing on the medium supplied with carbon sourse of soluble starch,glucose or sucrose,nitrogen source of beef extract or ammonium sulfate at 25℃,pH 7.0.Furthermore,6fungicides were used to test the toxicity against N.rosaeisolate.Result showed that the EC50values of prochloraz,fludioxonil,pyraclostrobin,difenoconazole and tebuconazole were 0.0228,0.0873,1.2636,3.1239and 5.3046μg·mL-1,respectively,while azoxystrobin showed the least sensitivity at EC50value of 120.4823μg·mL-1.This study provided a theoretical basis for prevention and control of strawberry red leaf disease in the field.

关 键 词：草莓 红叶病 蔷薇新拟盘多毛孢 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]