青海省海西州尘肺病主要特征及其CT影像表现分析  

Analysis of pneumoconiosis main characteristics and CT imaging manifestations in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province

作　　者：年洪慧 Nian Honghui(Department of Radiology,Haixi People′s Hospital,Qinghai 817099,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省海西州人民医院放射科,817099

出　　处：《实用医学影像杂志》2024年第3期175-178,共4页Journal of Practical Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的 探讨青海省海西州尘肺病主要特征及其CT影像表现。方法 选取我院2020年1月至2023年12月收治的80例本地区尘肺患者进行研究。分析所有患者尘肺病患者年龄、性别、工龄、行业等一般情况,分析其病种、病期及合并肺结核情况,其临床表现差异及其CT影像学表现。结果 青海省海西州尘肺病患者年龄以>50岁居多,性别多为男性,且工龄>10年以上的患者占比58%,行业以煤矿行业为主,占比68%;青海省海西州尘肺病多以煤工尘肺常见,占比68%,以I期病期为主,占比56%,且约有15%的患者合并肺结核;青海省海西州尘肺病患者主要症状多以咳嗽、胸痛等为主,且咯血发生率为10%,有46%呈现肺通气功能损伤,31%的患者呈现小气道功能损伤;尘肺CT影像学多呈现网状影、索条影及模糊状小斑片(形态规则大、小阴影、斑片阴影),可分为P、Q、R 3种形态阴影,且不同病期患者小阴影与大阴影数量及形态差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 青海省海西州尘肺病呈现年龄、性别、行业集中趋势,且工龄越长越容易诱发尘肺病,虽然多以Ⅰ期为主,但患者临床症状明显,部分患者呈现小气道及肺功能损伤。另外,通过CT诊断可通过判断其大、小阴影形态和典型特征识别尘肺病,并为其病期判断提供重要依据。Objective To explore the main characteristics and CT imaging findings of pneumoconiosis in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province.Methods A study was conducted on 80 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 in this region.Analyze the general situation of all patients with pneumoconiosis,including age,gender,length of service,industry,etc.The disease type,stage,concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis situation,the differences in clinical manifestations,and their CT imaging manifestations were analyzed.Results The majority of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province were over 50 years old,mostly male,and 58%of patients had worked for more than 10 years.The coal industry was the main industry,accounting for 68%;The newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province was mostly caused by coal worker pneumoconiosis,accounting for 68%,with stage I disease being the main stage,accounting for 56%,and about 15%of patients had concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis.The main symptoms of pneumoconiosis patients in Haixi,Qinghai Province were mainly cough and chest pain,and the incidence of hemoptysis was 10%.46%of patients showed pulmonary ventilation function damage,and 31%of patients show small airway function damage.CT imaging of pneumoconiosis mostly presented mesh shadows,cord shadows and blurred small patches(large,small shadows,plaque shadows),which could be divided into P,Q and R,and the number and morphology of small shadows and large shadows in patiented with different disease stages were significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion New cases with pneumoconiosis in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province show a trend of age,gender,and industry concentration,and the longer the length of service,the more likely it is to induce pneumoconiosis.Although most cases are in stage I,the clinical symptoms of patients are obvious,and some patients show small airway and lung function damage.In addition,CT diagnosis can identify pneumoconiosi

关 键 词：煤尘肺 放射摄影影像解释 计算机辅助 临床特征 症状 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R816.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]