滇南一次暖区暴雨过程的雷达反演风场分析  

Analysis of radar retrieval wind of a warm area heavy rainstorm process in South Yunnan,China

作　　者：高正南 杨素雨[2] 王飞 业红伟 GAO Zhengnan;YANG Suyu;WANG Fei;YE Hongwei(Meteorological Bureau of Pu'er City,Pu'er 665000,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Meteorological Observatory,Kunming 650034,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]普洱市气象局,云南普洱665000 [2]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期709-719,共11页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国气象局复盘专项(FPZJ2023-119);珠江流域(华南区域)气象科研开放基金(ZJLY202313);云南省气象局创新团队项目(2022CX01);云南省气象局基层台站气象科技创新与能力提升计划(STIAP202232).

摘　　要：利用自动气象站资料、ERA5再分析资料、探空资料和CINRAD/CC普洱天气雷达数据等多源资料,对2020年8月7日滇南大暴雨过程进行天气尺度和中小尺度系统综合分析.结果表明:①此次强降水是典型的暖区暴雨过程;②500 hPa东风波和700 hPa低涡系统是主要的影响系统,200 hPa高空辐散特征加强了低层系统的发展;③本次过程发生在高湿、高能、强垂直运动的大气环境背景下,孟加拉湾低压为滇南局地强降水提供充足的水汽,水汽通量散度强度达-4.6×10^(-6) g·cm^(-2)·hPa^(-1)·s^(-1);副高在滇南地区向北凹陷有利于不稳定能量积累,∑θ_(se)≥260℃的区域与地面6 h强降水落区对应一致;特大暴雨发生期间伴随有能量和强暖平流输送;④中尺度对流系统生命史完整且漫长,回波原地生消,中心稳定少动,“列车效应”明显,低质心暖云回波贡献了短时高效的降水,导致地面降水持续时间长、强度大、落区局地性强;对流发展旺盛阶段存在明显小尺度次级环流和水平气旋式辐合,二者投影位置一致,呈现出对流系统三维立体运动特征;地面投影附近集中出现20 mm·h^(-1)以上短时强降水,最大78.6 mm·h^(-1);⑤滇南地形对东(抬升)、西(降低)两股气流截然不同的影响加剧了辐合区垂直运动发展,在“喇叭口”地形隔挡下两股气流长时间交汇对峙,为特大暴雨的形成提供了有利的地形条件.The weather scale and small-and-medium-scale system of the heavy rainstorm process in South Yunnan on August 7,2020 is comprehensively analyzed based on the automatic weather station data,ERA5 reanalysis data,and sounding and CINRAD/CC Pu'er weather radar.The results show that:①this heavy precipitation was a typical heavy rainfall process in warm areas.②The 500 hPa east wind wave and 700 hPa low-vortex system were the main influencing systems,and the high-altitude radiation characteristics of 200 hPa strengthened the development of low-level systems.③Heavy precipitation mainly occurred in the background of high humidity,high energy and strong vertical movement of the atmospheric environment.Low pressure from the Bay of Bengal acted as a"water and gas pump",providing sufficient water vapor for local heavy precipitation in South Yunnan,and the divergence intensity of water vapor flux reached-4.6×10^(-6) g·cm^(-2)·hPa^(-1)·s^(-1).The sub-height depression to the North of South Yunnan was conducive to the accumulation of unstable energy,so that the energy center was formed,and the area of∑θ_(se)≥260℃corresponded to the 6 h heavy precipitation falling area on the ground.Heavy rainstorms were also accompanied by energy and strong warm advection transport.④The life history of the mesoscale convective system was complete and long,the echoes were born and disappeared in situ,the center was stable and less moving,the"train effect"was obvious,and the echoes of low-mass center warm clouds contributed to short-term and efficient precipitation,resulting in long duration of ground precipitation,with local high intensity.The three-dimensional inversion wind field in the vigorous development stage of convection had obvious small-scale secondary circulation and horizontal cyclonic convergence,and the projection positions of the two were consistent,showing the characteristics of three-dimensional motion of the convective system.Short-term heavy precipitation of more than 20 mm·h^(-1) occurred near the ground pro

关 键 词：暖区暴雨 天气诊断 雷达风场三维变分反演 中小尺度系统 地形 滇南地区 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]