金属锂枝晶生长机制及抑制方法进展  

Research progress of growth mechanism and suppression methods of metal lithium dendrites

作　　者：黄月 顾宇 商虹 HUANG Yue;GU Yu;SHANG Hong(School of Science,China University of Geoscience(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)数理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期720-726,共7页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国地质大学(北京)2023年大学生创新创业训练项目(202311415076);国家自然科学基金(22001240).

摘　　要：锂金属是高能量密度锂电池的理想负极材料,然而,锂枝晶的生长严重阻碍了其实际应用.文章介绍了锂枝晶的主要生长模型(固态电解质膜保护生长模型、电荷诱导生长模型、薄膜生长模型等)、影响因素(温度、电流密度、电极过电位、固态电解质膜、沉积基底等)和先进表征技术(原位表征),并综述了近年来抑制锂枝晶生长的方法及研究进展(稳定沉积主体及表面修饰、固体电解质膜改性、使用高盐浓度和纳米化电解液、固体电解质等),最后,对锂金属电池的应用进行了评价和展望.Lithium metal is an ideal anode material for high-energy-density Li metal batteries.However,thegrowth of lithium dendrites severely hinder the practical applications of the high-energy-density lithium metalanodes.This review introduces the growth models(such as solid electrolyte membrane protection growth model,charge induced growth model,and the thin film growth model),the influence factors(including temperature,current density,electrode overpotential,solid-state electrolyte film,and deposited substrate),and the advancedcharacterization technique(in situ characterization)of lithium dendrites,and summarizes the recent researchprogress about the inhibition of lithium dendrite growth(including the modification of the deposited substrate andsolid electrolyte membrane,the usage of nanostructured electrolyte and the solid electrolyte).Finally,we give theprospect of commercial applications about lithium metal batteries.

关 键 词：锂枝晶 生长模型 影响因素 表征技术 抑制方法 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646[理学—物理化学]