畜禽粪污资源化处理与种养循环一体化研究与思考  

Research and reflection on the integration of manure resource treatment and integrated farming system in animal husbandry

作　　者：陈铭哲 印遇龙[2] 何流琴 CHEN MingZhe;YING YuLong;HE LiuQin(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health,College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism Process,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,动物肠道功能调控湖南省重点实验室,湖南省动物肠道生态与健康国际联合实验室,长沙410081 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第7期1211-1225,共15页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1301403)资助。

摘　　要：随着中国养殖业的高速发展,规模化养殖导致的畜禽粪污资源化利用水平低、污染负荷大、种养脱节等问题日趋严重,阻碍了中国养殖业的健康可持续发展.为有效解决这一问题,我们应大力推动畜禽粪污资源化处理及构建种养循环一体化农业体系.与传统农业相比,种养循环一体化是一种具有高产量、可持续和高效益特性的新型循环农业模式,将种植业和养殖业紧密结合,而畜禽粪污资源化处理是种养循环一体化模式实现的关键节点.因此,本文综述了畜禽粪污资源化利用方式(饲料化、能源化、基料化、肥料化)的优缺点及研究现状,解析了种养循环研究过程中所涉及的评估方法,并通过畜禽粪污资源化处理与种养循环一体化典型案例分析,提出中国畜禽粪污资源化与种养循环一体化所面临挑战及未来发展方向,以期促进畜禽粪污资源化与种养循环一体化新型农业模式的应用,为实现中国“双碳”目标和农业生态绿色升级提供理论参考和新思路.With the rapid development of China′s aquaculture industry,the issue of low-level resource utilization of livestock manure and poultry manure,great pollution load,and disconnection between planting and breeding caused by large-scale farming is becoming more and more serious,which hinders the healthy and sustainable development of China′s aquaculture industry.In order to solve those problems effectively,we should vigorously promote resource-based treatment of livestock and poultry manure and build the Integrated Farming System with planting and breeding cycles.Compared with traditional agriculture,the Integrated Farming System is a new type of recycling agricultural model with high yield,sustainable and high efficiency,which closely integrates cultivation and animal husbandry,and the resource treatment of livestock and poultry manure is the key node for the realization of the Integrated Farming System.Therefore,this paper begins with an overview of the advantages,disadvantages and current research status on livestock and poultry manure resource utilization(including feed conversion,energy conversion,padding conversion,and fertilizer conversion),in addition to analyzing the evaluation methods involved in the research process of Integrated Farming System.Through the typical case analysis of livestock and poultry manure resource utilization and the Integrated Farming System,this paper proposes the challenges and future development direction of livestock and poultry manure resource treatment and the Integrated Farming System in China,with a view to promoting livestock and poultry manure resource treatment and the application of the new agricultural model of Integrated Farming System,so as to achieve China′s dual-carbon goals and the green development of agricultural sector.

关 键 词：畜禽粪污 资源化 种养循环一体化 功能农业 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]