全钒液流电池废旧电解液的恢复再生利用  

Recovery and regeneration of waste electrolyte from all-vanadium redox flow battery

作　　者：彭海泉[1] 徐家彬 游润晨 赵丽娜[1] 胡显龙 Peng Haiquan;Xu Jiabin;You Runchen;Zhao Lina;Hu Xianlong(Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,Liaoning,China;Jiangsu Shenchu New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Nantong 226499,Jiangsu,China;Yancheng Ates Sunshine Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224007,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]江苏深储新材料有限公司,江苏南通226499 [3]盐城阿特斯阳光能源科技有限公司,江苏盐城224007

出　　处：《钢铁钒钛》2024年第3期9-15,共7页Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium

摘　　要：全钒氧化还原液流电池是一种电化学储能装置,由于将能量存储于电解液中,功率和容量相互独立,在大规模储能领域具有突出优势,但电池废旧电解液的回收处理是一个难题。电化学测试和电解液成分分析表明:废旧电解液的活性并未明显下降,恢复的着眼点应是电解液价态的综合调节。提出四种电解液恢复方法,最佳比例恢复法、直接电解法、硫酸电解法和不对称电极法分别将电解液容量恢复至初始状态的75%、92%、93%、92%,并且电池库伦效率保持在95%~98%,表现出良好的充放电性能。该研究有利于促进钒资源的综合利用,并对全钒液流电池的应用和运行维护具有重要指导意义。Vanadium flow battery is an electrochemical energy storage device.As energy is stored in the electrolyte,power and capacity are independent of each other,which has outstanding advantages in the field of large-scale energy storage.However,the recovery and treatment of the used electrolyte of the battery is a challenge.Electrochemical tests and electrolyte composition analysis showed that the activity of the waste electrolyte did not decrease significantly,and the focus of recovery should be the comprehensive adjustment of the electrolyte valence state.This paper proposes four electrolyte recovery methods,the optimal proportion recovery method,direct electrolysis method,sulfuric acid electrolysis method and asymmetric electrode method,which can restore the electrolyte capacity to 75%,92%,93%,92%of the initial state,respectively,and the coulombic efficiency of the battery is maintained at 95%~98%,showing good charge and discharge performance.This study is conducive to promoting the comprehensive utilization of vanadium resources and has important guiding significance for the application and operation maintenance of vanadium flow batteries.

关 键 词：钒电池 电解液 回收 再生 最佳比例恢复法 直接电解法 硫酸电解法 不对称电极法 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]