人智交互情境中用户对生成式人工智能的心智感知及反应研究  

Study of Users’Mind Perceptions and Responses to Generative AI in Human-AI Interaction Context

作　　者：张妍[1] 赵宇翔[2] 吴大伟 朱庆华[2] Zhang Yan;Zhao Yuxiang;Wu Dawei;Zhu Qinghua(Research Institute for Data Management&Innovation,Nanjing University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215163;School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210023;School of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing 210094)

机构地区：[1]南京大学数据管理创新研究中心,江苏苏州215163 [2]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023 [3]南京理工大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2024年第8期140-149,共10页Information Studies:Theory & Application

摘　　要：[目的/意义]随着AI组成技术的发展及人智协作的日趋紧密,高阶的生成式人工智能(GAI)代理具备涌现能力,通过类人化特征与用户建立社会化连接。文章旨在丰富社会技术视角下人智交互发生机理的探索,并为人本人工智能背景下GAI设计提供参考。[方法/过程]爬取豆瓣社区1275条用户与ChatGPT对话的帖子,遵循建构主义范式,基于CASA范式和心智感知理论,采用系统性主题分析方法构建框架模型。[结果/结论]构建了GAI作为社会行动者的理论框架,得到人智交互情境下用户对于GAI的心智感知及社会化反应。心智感知包括GAI主体性感知和感受性感知两种。GAI主体性感知包括创造力、可靠性、运行规则、客观性、有用性;GAI感受性感知包括共情、沟通责任、趣味性、友善、文化适应性。这两种感知会相互影响。用户对GAI的社会化反应涉及认知加工、情感唤醒、行为强化三个方面。认知加工包括知识获得、态度转变;情感唤醒包括愉悦感、共鸣、社交连接;行为强化包括持续付费行为、准社会互动。用户的社会化反应与心智感知存在双向作用关系。[Purpose/significance]With the advancement of AI composition technology and the growing integration of human-AI collaboration,advanced General Artificial Intelligence(GAI)agents are endowed with the capability to emerge and establish social connections with users by exhibiting human-like features.This study endeavors to enhance the existing research concerning the mechanism of human-AI interaction from a socio-technical perspective and aims to offer insights for the design of GAIs within the framework of Human-Centered AI(HCAI)principles.[Method/process]In this study,we collected 1275 posts of user conversations with ChatGPT from the Douban community.Following the constructivist paradigm,we constructed a conceptual framework informed by the Computers Are Social Actors(CASA)paradigm and mind perception theory,using a systematic thematic analysis approach.[Result/conclusion]This study presents a theoretical model portraying GAI as social actors,elucidating users’mind perceptions and social responses during human-AI interactions.The perceptions of GAI encompass both agency and experience dimensions,mutually influencing each other.GAI agency perception comprises dimensions such as creativity,reliability,running rules,objectivity,and utility.Meanwhile,GAI experience perception includes empathy,communication responsibility,fun,friendliness,and cultural adaptability.Social responses involve cognitive,emotional,and behavioral dimensions.Cognitive processing encompasses knowledge acquisition and attitude change.Emotional arousal includes pleasure,resonance,and social connection.Behavioral reinforcement includes sustained paying behavior and para-social interaction.Notably,a bidirectional relationship exists between users’social responses and their perceptions of GAI.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 ChatGPT 人智共生 心智感知 CASA范式 共情 准社会互动 

分 类 号：G252[文化科学—图书馆学] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]