湿地公园健康评价指标体系构建与应用——以广州海珠国家湿地公园二期为例  

Construction and application of wetland park health evaluation index system:a case study on the phaseⅡof Guangzhou Haizhu National Wetland Park

作　　者：艾锦辉 方小山[1,2,3] 张雪霏 范存祥 AI Jinhui;FANG Xiaoshan;ZHANG Xuefei;FAN Cunxiang(School of Architecture,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangzhou Haizhu wetland National Long-term Scientific Research Base,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,广州510640 [2]亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室,广州510640 [3]广州市景观建筑重点实验室,广州510640 [4]广州海珠湿地国家长期科研基地,广州510640

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第14期6111-6129,共19页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2016KB09)。

摘　　要：湿地公园健康状态是开展湿地保护、修复与指导其规划设计的重要依据。近年来城市区域内湿地公园建设迅速但湿地生境整体衰退严重,如珠三角乃至华南地区湿地公园面临高度外部干扰与环境限制,亟需有效手段评估区域内湿地公园健康状态以实现可持续发展。以“稳定性-功能性-可持续性”为框架,构建了包含3准则11因素40指标的湿地公园健康评价指标体系,采用层次分析法计算指标权重,并通过遥感影像处理、实地调研、统计年鉴查阅以及问卷调查等方式获取指标数据,对生态修复后的广州海珠国家湿地公园二期进行综合健康评价与分析,以期指导其保护修复与可持续发展,为城市区域内湿地公园健康评估与优化提供参考。结果表明:(1)稳定性是影响湿地公园健康状态的主要准则,权重排序为稳定性(0.5094)>功能性(0.3046)>可持续性(0.1860);(2)海珠湿地二期综合健康指数为3.7735,呈健康状态;(3)影响二期健康状态的主要因素是生态功能与水体特征,其中,权重排序前5的主要指标为水质类别、净化能力、水文调节、水陆面积比、水体富营养化程度;(4)结合评价结果,从水体修复、植物管护、园区管理等方面提出优化建议。The health status of wetland park is an important basis for the protection,restoration and guidance of its planning and design.In recent years,the wetland parks have been constructed rapidly but the overall decline was serious,for example,wetland parks in the Pearl River Delta and even South China were facing a high degree of external disturbance and environmental constraints.Additionally,due to the lack of methods to assess the health of wetland parks,it is usually difficult for the managers or designers to guide the construction and optimization of wetland parks scientifically and effectively.Therefore,an efficient method to assess the health status of wetland parks in the region is urgently needed for the sustainable development of wetland resources.In this study,a“Stability⁃Functionality⁃Sustainability”wetland park health assessment index system was constructed,including 3 criteria,11 factors and 40 indicators.By using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to determine the weight of each indicator,obtaining data from remote sensing data processing,field survey and sampling,statistical yearbook and questionnaire,etc.,we conducted comprehensive health evaluation and analysis on the phaseⅡof Guangdong Guangzhou Haizhu National Wetland Park(GGHNWPⅡ)undergoing restoration currently with the aim of guiding its conservation,restoration and sustainable development,and providing references for the health assessment and optimization of the regional wetland parks,which would help us to better understand and coordinate the relationship between wetland parks and socio-economic development.The results showed that:(1)Among the criteria,stability(0.5094)was the main criterion affecting the health status of wetland park,followed by functionality(0.3046)and sustainability(0.1860);(2)The GGHNWPⅡhealth status was at the healthy level with a comprehensive health score of 3.7735,and except for the water characteristics in the factor layer was at the subhealthy level with health score of 2.1067,the other 10 factors were

关 键 词：湿地公园 健康评价 指标体系 广州海珠湿地二期 优化建议 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]