飞行器陶瓷基复合材料轻量化结构设计研究进展  

Research progress on aircraft lightweight design of ceramic matrix composites

作　　者：马宇 张大海 吴军[1,2] 荆瑞[1,2] 徐培飞 费庆国 MA Yu;ZHANG Dahai;WU Jun;JING Rui;XU Peifei;FEI Qingguo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Key Laboratory of Structure and Thermal Protection for High-Speed Aircraft,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学机械工程学院,南京211189 [2]东南大学高速飞行器结构与热防护教育部重点实验室,南京211189

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2024年第4期1-15,共15页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(52125209);国家自然科学基金(12302168);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20231542);江苏省科技厅重点研发产业前瞻项目(BE2022158);江苏省科协青年科技人才托举工程(TJ-2022-043);东南大学“仲英青年学者”支持计划。

摘　　要：高马赫数飞行带来的极端服役环境对新一代高速飞行器的材料、结构设计提出了更加严苛的要求,本文从“选、用、评”三方面对陶瓷基复合材料在飞行器结构设计中的应用进行综述,进而提出未来发展方向,为飞行器陶瓷基复合材料结构设计提供参考。全面综述了陶瓷基复合材料在不同应用场景下的选取准则及相应制备方法,系统介绍了陶瓷基复合材料在飞行器结构中的典型应用,分析了近服役工况下材料的评价准则及地面实验方法。为满足未来飞行器需求,提出需要结合计算机辅助优化技术和创新制备方法,提高陶瓷基复合材料的耐温和抗疲劳性能;发展高可靠、长寿命的连接技术和一体成型设计方案,充分发挥材料优势;开发多物理场耦合作用下的原位表征技术,以获得陶瓷基复合材料在实际使用中的性能演化行为,为飞行器轻量化结构设计提供可靠依据。High Mach flight has put forward more stringent requirements for the material and structure design of new generation of high-speed vehicles.This paper reviews the application of ceramic matrix composites(CMCs)in the structural design of aircraft from the aspects of selection,application,and evaluation,and then the future development direction is put forward to provide reference for aircraft ceramic matrix composite structure design.The selection criteria and corresponding preparation methods of CMCs in different application scenarios are comprehensively reviewed,the typical applications of CMCs in aircraft structures are systematically introduced,and the evaluation criteria and ground test methods of the materials under near-service conditions are analyzed.To order to meet the future demands of aircraft,it is necessary to integrate computer-aided optimization technology and innovative preparation methods to enhance the temperature resistance and fatigue performance of CMCs.Developing highly reliable,long-life joining techniques and integrated design solutions will fully leverage the advantages of these materials.Additionally,in-situ characterization techniques under multi-physical field coupling need to be developed to obtain the performance evolution behaviour of CMCs in actual use,providing a reliable basis for the lightweight structural design of aircraft.

关 键 词：飞行器 陶瓷基复合材料 热防护结构 轻量化结构 

分 类 号：V254.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]