机械振动对真空差压铸造ZL114A铝硅共晶组织及力学性能的影响  

Effects of mechanical vibration on Al-Si eutectic microstructure and mechanical properties for vacuum counter-pressure casting ZL114A alloy

作　　者：廖青春 芦刚 周泽远 胡国友 毛蒲 吴晓雨 陈义斯 严青松 LIAO Qingchun;LU Gang;ZHOU Zeyuan;HU Guoyou;MAO Pu;WU Xiaoyu;CHEN Yisi;YAN Qingsong(National Defense Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Jiangxi Hongdu International Mechanical&Electrical Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330024,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,南昌330063 [2]江西洪都国际机电有限责任公司,南昌330024

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第7期194-203,共10页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51861027,52265051);南昌航空大学研究生创新专项资金立项项目(YC2021023);轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室开放课题研究基金(EG202103418)。

摘　　要：为进一步提升复杂薄壁ZL114A铸件性能,对真空差压铸造过程施加机械振动,系统研究振幅和频率对Al-Si共晶组织及铸件拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,机械振动可以强化熔体局域对流,折断先凝固枝晶,并造成硅相碎断形成短棒状、颗粒状组织。同时,可以促进凝固前沿溶质均匀分布,抑制硅相过度生长,诱发初生相周围Al-Si共晶网状转变。振幅和频率对合金强度和塑性的影响呈对立关系,高频低幅下近振源侧样品获得最高抗拉强度达335.6 MPa,但合金伸长率下降至1.54%。然而,由于振动能在熔体传播存在能量耗散,远振源侧样品强度仅327.06 MPa,伸长率为1.67%。此外,性能衰减拟合分析显示,增加频率有利于抑制振动能的损失,改善远侧熔体机械振动处理效果。In order to improve the performance of complex thin wall ZL114A aluminum alloy casting,the mechanical vibration was applied to vacuum counter-pressure casting,and the effect of amplitude and frequency on Al-Si eutectic microstructure and mechanical properties of casting were systematically studied.The results indicate that the mechanical vibration can enhance the local convection of the melt.The initial solidified dendrites are broken and the Si phase is broken to form granular and short rod tissue.Meanwhile,the mechanical vibration can promote the uniform distribution of solute in solidification front and inhibit the excessive growth of the Si phase.Therefore,the Al-Si eutectic around the primary phase is induced to transform the network.The effect of amplitude and frequency on strength and plasticity are opposite.At high frequency and low amplitude,the highest tensile strength of the sample near the source of vibration is 335.6 MPa,but the elongation decreases to 1.54%.However,the tensile strength and elongation of the sample staying away from the source of vibration only reach 327.06 MPa and 1.67%because of energy wastage during vibration energy diffused at molten alloy.In addition,the performance attenuation fitting analysis shows that increasing frequency is conducive to inhibiting the wastage of vibration energy and improving the treatment effect of molten alloy which stays away from the source of vibration.

关 键 词：真空差压铸造 机械振动 Al-Si共晶 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG249.2[金属学及工艺—铸造]