大学生初次航海实习晕动病发生情况及影响因素分析  

Incidence and influencing factors of motion sickness in undergraduates during their first maritime practice

作　　者：金小鄂 姚乃心 陈卓 李伟红 Jin Xiaoe;Yao Naixin;Chen Zhuo;Li Weihong(Department of Acupuncture and Massage,The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院针灸推拿科,上海200433 [2]中国人民解放军91837部队

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2024年第6期606-611,共6页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：军队中医药服务能力培育与提升专项(2021ZY013);海军军医大学中医系“薪火传承”军事医学研究专项。

摘　　要：目的 观察某校本科学员初次航海实习时的晕动病发生情况,并探讨性别、中医体质、心理因素、晕动病易感性与航海晕动病之间的关系。方法 采用随机取样法,抽取某校120名大二学员,使用中医体质分类与判定量表、简版贝克抑郁问卷量表(BDI-SF)、状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)和修改版晕动病易感性问卷(mMSSQ)进行问卷调查;在第一次进入风浪海域时采用格瑞比尔(Graybiel)表格对其晕船不适感进行评估。结果 共104人完成问卷评估,学员体质以湿热质、痰湿质、气虚质、阳虚质为主,不同体质间的航海晕动病发病率差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。共有16人(15.38%)存在不同程度的抑郁状态,抑郁与晕动病易感性、焦虑高度相关(P<0.01)。56人(53.85%)对于晕动病高度易感。在第一次进入风浪海域时,所有学员均出现了不同程度的晕动不适感,女性明显强于男性(P<0.01),其中有54人发生了晕动病,女性发病率高于男性(P<0.01),抑郁状态者发病率高于无抑郁状态者(P<0.01)。性别、阳虚质、抑郁程度、晕动病易感性与晕船不适感显著相关(P<0.05),可作为航海晕动病的预测因素。结论 大学生初次航海实习时的晕动病发病率较高,需着重关注女性、阳虚质、抑郁、焦虑及晕动病易感性较高的学员。Objective To observe the motion sickness among undergraduates during their first maritime practice,and to explore the relationships between gender,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution,psychological factors,susceptibility to motion sickness and nautical motion sickness.Methods A total of 120 sophomore students were selected by simple random sampling.The Constitution Classification and Determination Scale of TCM,Beck depression inventory-short form(BDI-SF),state trait anxiety inventory(STAI)and modified motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire(mMSSQ)were used for a questionnaire survey among the students.Seasickness discomfort was assessed by Graybiel scale when they first entered the rough sea.Results A total of 104 trainees completed the questionnaire.The physical constitution was mainly characterized by damp-heat,phlegm dampness,Qi deficiency,and Yang deficiency.There was no significant difference in the incidence of motion sickness among the students with different constitutions(P<0.05).Depressi on was found in 16 people(15.38%),and depression was highly correlated with the susceptibility to motion sickness and anxiety(all P<0.01).Fifty-six students(53.85%)were highly susceptible to motion sickness.All the students felt discomfort when they first entered the rough sea,and the discomfort in females was significantly stronger than that in males(P<0.01).Motion sickness occurred in 54 students,the incidence of motion sickness in females was higher than that in males(P<0.01),and the incidence of motion sickness in the students with depression was higher than that in the students without depression(P<0.01).Gender,Yang deficiency constitution,degree of depression,and susceptibility to motion sickness were significantly correlated with the motion sickness(P<0.05),and could be used as predictors of motion sickness.Conclusion There is a high incidence of motion sickness among college students during their first maritime practice.More attention should be paid to female students,and to students with Yang defic

关 键 词：航海实习 晕动病 中医体质 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R455[医药卫生—运动医学]