内蒙古自治区某农村饮水安全工程卫生学评价  

Hygienic evaluation of a rural drinking water safety project in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：秦钰涵 范耀春[1] 张向楠 李丽 李婧[1] 张晨光[1] 杨升美 殷明辉 魏娜娜[1] QIN Yu-han;FAN Yao-chun;ZHANG Xiang-nan;LI Li;LI Jing;ZHANG Chen-guang;YANG Sheng-mei;YIN Ming-hui;WEI Na-na(Environmental Health Department,Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,内蒙古呼和浩特015000

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2024年第3期313-315,319,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202201156)。

摘　　要：目的开展农村饮水安全工程卫生学评价,及时发现供水工程在设计、建设、管理和运行阶段存在的卫生学风险。方法2022年6月通过资料收集与审查、现场调查与评价、水质评价、专家组会商等方式,对水源、工艺、水质、卫生管理等要素进行现场卫生学评价,并提出意见和建议。结果该工程目前实际供水规模为700 m3/d,覆盖4500人;近5年水厂覆盖范围内无传染病及地方病发病记录;水源选择、厂址选择及厂区布置、传染病及地方病史、水质及卫生管理符合供水工程卫生学要求;水厂氟化物、砷、总大肠菌群等31项指标检测结果均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)要求。评价过程中发现工程未划定水源保护区且无警示标识,调节构筑物设施破损、有锈蚀,滤料和消毒剂的投加无详细的记录和操作规范,无近1年内水源水检验报告,使用消毒剂但没有按要求检测消毒剂余量。结论该饮水安全工程存在一定的卫生学风险,水厂需要进一步进行整改,保证居民用水安全。Objective To carry out the hygienic evaluation of the rural drinking water safety project,and to find out the hygienic risks existing in the design,construction,management and operation stages of the water supply project in time.Methods In June 2022,through data collection and review,field investigation and evaluation,water quality evaluation,expert group consultation,etc.,the field hygiene evaluation of water source,process,water quality,sanitation management and other elements was carried out,and opinions and suggestions were put forward.Results The actual water supply scale of the project was 700 m~3/d,covering 4500 people.No infectious and endemic diseases had been recorded in the coverage area of the water plant in recent 5 years.Water source selection,plant site selection and plant layout,infectious diseases and local medical history,water quality and sanitation management met the sanitary requirements of water supply engineering.The test results of 31 indicators such as fluoride,arsenic and total coliform bacteria in the water plant all met the requirements of the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water(GB 5749—2006).During the evaluation,it was found that the project had not delimited the water source protection zone and there was no warning mark.Regulating structure facilities were damaged and corroded.There were no detailed records and operation specifications for the dosing of filter materials and disinfectants.There was no water source inspection report within the past one year.Disinfectant was used but the residual amount of disinfectant was not tested as required.Conclusion There are certain hygienic risks in the drinking water safety project,and the water plant needs to be further rectified to ensure the water safety of residents.

关 键 词：农村饮水安全工程 卫生学评价 风险 水质 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]