运动经验对乒乓球接发球预判表现及决策风格的影响  

The Influence of Sports Experience on the Predictive Performance and Decision-Making Style of Serving Receiving in Table Tennis

作　　者：冯一笛 丁月怡 王艳 FENG Yidi;DING Yueyi;WANG Yan(China Table Tennis College,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Psychology,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学中国乒乓球学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育大学心理学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育与科学》2024年第4期60-68,共9页Journal of Sports and Science

摘　　要：运动经验会影响乒乓球运动员的预判决策,专项运动经验更丰富的运动员能够做出更准确的预判决策,但预判动作的决策偏好与决策行为类型是否受运动经验的影响还不清楚。因此,本研究选取在校的专业乒乓球运动员与选修过乒乓球课的大学生进行比较,探究在不同先验信息和运动学信息的条件下,运动经验对接发球预判表现、预判决策偏好与决策类型的影响。结果发现,运动员在不同运动学信息和先验信息条件下的预判表现均优于普通大学生,且运动员更倾向于做出冒险决策,大学生更偏好保守决策。Sports experience can affect the performance of table tennis prediction decision.Athletes with more specialized sports experience can make more accurate prediction decision,but it is not clear whether the decision preference of prediction action and the type of decision making are affected by sports experience.Therefore,this study selected professional table tennis players in school to compare with college students who had taken table tennis as an elective course,and explored the influence of sports experience on service reception prediction performance,decision preference and decision making type under the condition of different prior information and kinematic information.The results show that athletes’predictive performance under different kinematic information and prior information conditions is better than college students,and athletes are more inclined to make risky decisions,college students are more inclined to conservative decisions.

关 键 词：运动经验 乒乓球接发球 预判 决策偏好 风险决策 经验性决策 

分 类 号：G846[文化科学—体育训练]