鼠尾草属民族药物资源、化学成分及药理活性研究进展  

Medicinal Resources,Chemical Constituents,and Pharmacological Activities of Salvia Genus:A Review

作　　者：赵飞亚 卢熙奎 张铃声 尹成龙 刘雨 简志敏 陶爱恩 ZHAO Feiya;LU Xikui;ZHANG Lingsheng;YIN Chenglong;LIU Yu;JIAN Zhimin;TAO Aien(School of Medicine,Lijiang College of Culture and Tourism,Lijiang 674199,China;College of Pharmacy,Dali University,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]丽江文化旅游学院医学院,云南丽江674199 [2]大理大学药学院,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2024年第16期272-283,共12页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：云南省科技厅面上项目(202301AT070898,202101AT070001);校级中青年学术和技术后备人才支持项目(2022xshb05);丽江市中青年学术和技术后备人才支持项目。

摘　　要：鼠尾草属是一种常见的民族药用资源,其所属各类中药作为药物治疗疾病的历史悠久,且用途广、药用价值高,具有重要的研究与开发价值。我国有78种鼠尾草植物,其中32个在18个少数民族中使用,具有抗癌活性、镇痛、抗炎、抗辐射活性、保肝活性、抗心血管系统疾病、降血糖、抗氧化、抗病原微生物、抗纤维化、止血、肾脏保护、抗阿尔茨海默病、免疫调节、抗痛风等药效,主要的活性物质基础为酚酸、黄酮、萜类和多糖等成分。鼠尾草属药物资源具有丰富的药用价值和物质基础,但研究与应用方面存在一定的不足。该属民族药物资源中,部分鼠尾草植物的研究基础薄弱,其药用机制和临床应用价值还有待进一步深入挖掘和验证。此外,由于鼠尾草属品种较多,其化学成分和结构类型各异,生物活性也各不相同,使得鼠尾草属植物的质量及品质都有所差异,因而对其质量标准研究还有待进一步完善。因此对鼠尾草属民族药物资源的系统研究和开发利用显得尤为重要。该文通过系统梳理和分析该属植物的药物资源、化学成分、药理活性及相关质量的总结归纳,为该属民族药物资源的深入研究和合理开发提供参考。Salvia genus is a common ethnic medicinal resource,and the various types of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)belonging to the Salvia genus have a long history of being used for the treatment of diseases.They are widely used and have high medicinal value,making them valuable for research and development.To the 78 species of Salvia plants in China,32 species are used by 18 ethnic minorities,and they have pharmacological effects of anti-cancer,analgesia,anti-inflammation,anti-radiation,liver protection,anticardiovascular disease,hypoglycemic effect,oxidation resistance,anti-pathogenic microorganisms,antifibrosis,hemostasis,kidney protection,anti-Alzheimer's disease,immune regulation,and anti-gout.The main active substance bases are phenolic acid,flavonoids,terpenoids,and polysaccharides.However,despite the rich medicinal value and material basis of the medicinal resources of the Salvia genus,there are still certain problems in research and application.The research on some Salvia plants in this genus of ethnic medicinal resources is still weak,and its medicinal mechanism and clinical application value need to be further explored and verified.In addition,since there are many varieties of Salvia genus,with different chemical constituents,structural types,and biological activities,the quality of Salvia plants is different,and thus the research on its quality standard needs to be further improved.Therefore,the systematic research and exploitation of the ethnic medicinal resources of the Salvia genus are important.In this study,the medicinal resources,chemical constituents,pharmacological activity,and quality of the plants in this genus were systematically sorted out and analyzed,so as to provide a reference for the in-depth research and rational development of the ethnic medicinal resources of this genus.

关 键 词：鼠尾草属 民族药用资源 化学成分 药理活性 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学] R289R287R22R2-031R33R24