青藏铁路沿线天然贯穿辐射水平调查  

Investigation on natural penetrating radiation along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

作　　者：郑国文[1] 曲延涛 汪传高[1] 骆志平[1] 陈凌[1] ZHENG Guowen;QU Yantao;WANG Chuangao;LUO Zhiping;CHEN Ling(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413 China;New Era Engineering Consulting co.,ltd,Beijing 102200 China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]新时代工程咨询有限公司,北京102200

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2024年第3期288-292,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的调查青藏铁路沿线天然贯穿辐射照射水平,并初步评价该铁路从业人员及旅客所受辐射剂量。方法选取青藏铁路沿线15个不同海拔高度的典型测量点以及拉萨到西宁的火车车厢内,利用高气压电离室、碘化钠剂量率仪以及中子周围剂量当量率仪对天然贯穿辐射水平进行测量。结果青藏铁路沿线陆地伽马辐射水平范围为21.5~246.6 nGy/h,宇宙射线电离成分辐射水平范围为79.8~225.5 nGy/h,中子辐射水平范围为24.5~101 nSv/h;旅客和乘务人员乘坐一次从拉萨到西宁的火车受到的天然贯穿辐射有效剂量为4.82μSv。结论通过与经验公式比较以及测量方法可靠性验证,证明了测量工作的准确性,初步了解青藏铁路沿线的辐射水平及旅客所受辐射剂量,可为监管部门提供依据。Objective To investigate the natural penetrating radiation levels along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,and to preliminarily evaluate the doses received by the railway employees and passengers.Methods Natural penetrating radiation was measured at 15 typical locations with different altitudes along the railway and in the carriages of a train from Lhasa to Xining using high-pressure ionization chamber RSS131,sodium iodide radiation dose rate meter MARS1561,and neutron ambient dose equivalent rate meter LB6411.Results The levels of terrestrial gamma radiation,cosmic ray ionization components,and neutron radiation were 21.5-246.6 nGy/h,79.8-225.5 nGy/h,and 24.5-101 nSv/h,respectively.The effective dose of natural penetrating radiation received by passengers and crew on a train from Lhasa to Xining was 4.82μSv.Conclusion Comparison with the empirical formula and verification of method reliability confirm the accuracy of the measurement.Our results provide a primary understanding of the radiation levels along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the radiation doses received by passengers,which can be used as a basis for the regulatory authorities.

关 键 词：青藏铁路 天然贯穿辐射 宇宙射线电离成分 中子 陆地γ 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]