基于温度梯度的锂离子电池寿命衰减情况的研究  

Lifespan degradation study of lithium-ion batteries based on temperature gradients

作　　者：刘泽宇 杜小芳[1,2] 史育海 LIU Zeyu;DU Xiaofang;SHI Yuhai(School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;National Automobile Quality Supervision Test Center(Xiangyang),Xiangyang Hubei 441004,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]国家汽车质量监督检验中心(襄阳),湖北襄阳441004

出　　处：《电源技术》2024年第7期1303-1312,共10页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：在实际车辆运行工况下,电池包内电池的温度分布呈现出不均匀的特征,且在较高工作温度下电池的衰减速度会加快,可能促使容量和功率的减退加速。以锂离子电池为研究对象,通过对电池组进行长周期的1 C充放电循环,对电池组的温度分布、衰减情况以及电流分布行为进行了系统的表征和分析,并将其与单个基准电池进行了对比。研究结果显示,电池组中的所有电池都经历了更高的温度上升,且衰减速度较基准电池更快。尤其值得注意的是,经过1815个循环后,电池组中间的电池容量减退至初始容量的61.2%,而基准电池的容量保持率为86.5%。此外,电池组中的电阻和电流也呈现了类似的变化趋势。通过实验性地量化非均匀温度分布对电池衰减的影响,有助于更深入地理解在存在温度梯度情况下模块化锂离子电池的衰减行为。这对于优化电池设计、提高电池性能和延长电池寿命具有重要的指导意义。In real-world vehicle operational scenarios,battery temperature distribution within a battery pack demonstrates non-uniform attributes.Particularly,under elevated operating temperatures,the pace of battery degradation escalates,potentially resulting in accelerated diminishment of both capacity and power.This study centers on lithium-ion batteries and employs extended cycles of 1 C charge-discharge to methodically characterize and assess battery pack attributes including temperature distribution,degradation behavior,and current dispersion.Furthermore,a comparison is drawn with individual baseline cells.Research findings unveil that all batteries within the battery pack encounter elevated temperature elevation and manifest a swifter degradation rate when contrasted with the baseline cell.In particular,following 1815 cycles,the capacity of the central battery within the pack diminishes to 61.2%of its initial capacity,whereas the baseline cell sustains 86.5%of its capacity.Additionally,both resistance and current distribution within the battery pack manifest comparable patterns of alteration.Through experimental quantification of the influence of non-uniform temperature distribution on battery degradation,this study enhances the comprehension of the degradation tendencies of modular lithium-ion batteries subjected to temperature gradients.These insights bear substantial implications for the optimization of battery design,enhancement of battery performance,and extension of battery lifespan.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 寿命衰减实验 温度梯度 电池组 充放电循环 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]