超声引导下腰丛复合坐骨神经阻滞麻醉在老年人工股骨头置换术中的应用价值分析  

Application Value of Ultrasound-guided Lumbar Plexus Combined with Sciatic Nerve Block Anesthesia in Elderly Patients Undergoing Artificial Femoral Head Replacement

作　　者：马霞 MA Xia(Department of Anesthesiology,Rudong County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Rudong 226400,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省如东县中医院麻醉科,江苏如东226400

出　　处：《系统医学》2024年第12期36-39,共4页Systems Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探究超声引导下腰丛复合坐骨神经阻滞麻醉在老年人工股骨头置换术中的应用价值。方法 非随机选取2021年5月—2023年5月江苏省如东县中医院收治的146例行人工股骨头置换术的老年患者为研究对象。按照不同的麻醉方法分为对照组和观察组,各73例。对照组予以全身麻醉,观察组予以超声引导下腰丛复合坐骨神经阻滞麻醉。对比两组麻醉后的生理指标、围术期情况及不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组心率、平均动脉压、醛固酮、肾上腺素及血浆肾素活性均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组各围术期情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);对照组不良反应发生率(13.70%)高于观察组(4.11%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.137,P<0.05)。结论 针对行人工股骨头置换术的老年患者,采取超声引导下腰丛复合坐骨神经阻滞麻醉有利于减轻生理应激反应,且优化围术期各项指标,降低不良反应发生率,值得临床借鉴。Objective To explore the application value of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia in elderly patients with artificial femoral head replacement.Methods A total of one hundred and forty-six elderly patients undergoing artificial femoral head replacement treated in Rudong County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jiangsu Province from May 2021 to May 2023 were non-randomly selected as the study objects.According to different anesthesia methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,with seventy-three cases each.The control group was given general anesthesia,and the observation group was given ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia.The physiological indexes,perioperative conditions and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups after anesthesia.Results The heart rate,mean arterial pressure,aldosterone,adrenaline and plasma renin activities in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).All perioperative conditions in the observation group were better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in control group(13.70%) was higher than that in observation group(4.11%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.137,P<0.05).Conclusion For elderly patients undergoing artificial femoral head replacement,ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia can alleviate physiological stress response,optimize perioperative indexes,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,which is worthy of clinical reference.

关 键 词：超声引导 腰丛复合坐骨神经阻滞麻醉 人工股骨头置换术 生理指标 围术期情况 不良反应 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]