以物抵债解释论:从“简单”到“选择”  

Interpretation Theory of Repaying Debts with Materials:From"Simple"to"Choice"

作　　者：李运达 Li Yunda

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《仲裁研究》2023年第1期45-55,共11页Arbitration Study

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“人格标识的利用与保护研究”(20BFX105);中国法学会民法学研究会青年学者研究项目“人格标识许可使用制度研究”(2021MFXH006)。

摘　　要：以物抵债系以物充当原有债务之清偿。以物抵债既不应被解释为一个新的契约,也不是所谓的“处分行为”。以物抵债合意应被解释为对原债的变更而非更新。变更后的法律关系由简单之债变为选择之债。以物抵债可准用包括瑕疵担保责任在内的买卖合同规则。对于可能出现的虚假诉讼,应通过审查原债权债务关系及预告登记制度予以防范。对以物抵债的解释,应努力兼顾当事人利益与第三人利益,亦应追求法律关系的简洁与法律规则的可适用性。To repay debts with objects means to pay off the original debts with objects.The repayment of debts should not be interpreted as a new contract,nor is it a so-called"disposition".The agreement to repay the debt in material should be interpreted as a change to the original debt rather than an update.After the change,the legal relationship has changed from a simple debt to a choice debt.The repayment of debts in goods may be governed by the rules of the sale and purchase contract,including the liability for guarantees for defects.The possibility of false litigation should be prevented by reviewing the original creditor's rights and debt relations and the advance notice registration system.In the interpretation of repayment of debts,efforts should be made to balance the interests of the parties and the interests of third parties,and the succinctness of legal relations and the applicability of legal rules should also be pursued.

关 键 词：以物抵债 流质契约 处分行为 选择之债 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]