钠离子电池O3型层状氧化物正极的现状与展望:稳定性、可逆性及其反应机理  

Status and prospects of O3-type layered oxide cathodes for Na-ion batteries: stability, reversibility, and reaction mechanism

作　　者：解晨鹏 周军 张忠如[1] 陈彩霞 杨勇[1] Chenpeng Xie;Jun Zhou;Zhongru Zhang;Caixia Chen;Yong Yang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院,厦门361000

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2024年第7期1050-1076,共27页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：厦门市重大科技计划项目(未来产业领域)(编号:3502Z20231059)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,钠离子二次电池(SIBs)正逐渐成为研究的焦点.正极材料是决定SIBs性能的关键因素之一,对于高性能SIBs商业化至关重要. O3相层状过渡金属氧化物在能量密度、工作电压和合成成本方面具有独特优势,是目前最受关注的商业化钠离子正极材料.然而O3相材料在实际应用过程中依然存在着较大的缺陷,包括充放电循环中结构相变不可逆, Na^(+)扩散势垒高和空气稳定性差等问题.本文从材料组成结构、相变演化、反应机制和改性策略及其所面临的挑战等方面对典型的O3相钠离子层状材料研究现状进行全面总结及评述,并对其未来的发展趋势进行展望.In recent years, sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have attracted wide interest. Research on high-energy, highly reversible, low cost, and environmentally-friendly positive electrodes is crucial for the development of new generation of SIBs. O3-type layered oxide has unique advantages in energy density, operating voltage, and synthesis cost, and is currently the most concerned cathode material for SIBs. However, the development of the materials still meets some challenges such as irreversible structural phase transitions during charge/discharge cycles, high Na^(+) diffusion barriers,and poor air stability. This article comprehensively overviews and evaluates the research status of O3-type layered materials from the aspects of material design, phase transition evolution, electrochemical reaction mechanisms and interfacial modification strategy, and the challenges faced in this field.

关 键 词：钠离子二次电池 正极材料 层状过渡金属氧化物 O_(3)相材料 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]