低温和干旱胁迫对4种披碱草属种子萌发的影响  

Effects of low temperature and drought stress on seed germination of four Elymus L.species

作　　者：苏志刚 龙建廷 高国荣 韩有健 魏强 苗彦军[1] SU Zhigang;LONG Jianting;GAO Guorong;HAN Youjian;WEI Qiang;MIAO Yanjun(Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College,Nyingchi 860000,China;Yakeshi Rural Revitalization Promotion Center,Hulun Buir 022150,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]牙克石市乡村振兴促进中心,内蒙古呼伦贝尔022150

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第14期88-94,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“EnCOR401基因调控垂穗披碱草耐低温机制研究”(32260342);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“巴青垂穗披碱草种子繁育生产体系研究与示范”(ZYYD2023000147);西藏自治区科技厅项目草专项“巴青披碱草种繁技术研究与示范”(XZ202101ZD003N)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出可以适应低温和干旱条件种植的优质牧草,试验选取4种披碱草属(Elymus L.)种子(巴青垂穗披碱草、垂穗披碱草、披碱草、老芒麦),采用培养皿滤纸培养法,用聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol-6000,PEG-6000)溶液(10%、20%、30%)进行干旱胁迫,在光照培养箱中进行低温(5,10,15℃)胁迫,两个因素交互胁迫,共计16个处理,以20℃、纯化水为对照,每个处理3次重复,每个重复50粒种子。试验结束后统计4种披碱草属种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长和芽长,并利用隶属函数法综合分析4种披碱草属种子萌发期对低温和干旱的耐受性。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫程度的增加和温度的降低,4种披碱草属种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长和芽长均呈下降趋势;低温(5℃)胁迫条件下4种披碱草属种子不能萌发。当温度为10,15,20℃,PEG-6000浓度为10%和20%时,4种披碱草属种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长和芽长均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。当PEG-6000溶液浓度为30%时,只有20℃条件下的牧草种子有少量萌发,15℃和10℃条件下的牧草种子均无萌发迹象。经隶属函数分析得出4种披碱草属种子萌发期抗寒、抗旱能力强弱顺序依次为巴青垂穗披碱草>垂穗披碱草>披碱草>老芒麦。说明巴青垂穗披碱草适宜在低温和干旱地区进行推广种植。In order to screen out high-quality forage grass that could adapt to low temperature and drought conditions,four Elymus L.seeds(including Elymus nutans‘Baqing',Elymus nutans Griseb.,Elymus dahuricus,Elymus sibiricus)were selected in this experiment.Polyethylene glycol-6000(PEG-6000)solution(10%,20%,30%)and light incubator were used for drought stress,low temperature(5,10,15℃)stress in the incubator,and two factor interaction stress,with a total of 16 treatments.At the same time,20℃and purified water were used as controls.Each treatment was repeated three times,with 50 seeds in each replicate.After the experiment,the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,root length and bud length of four kinds of Elymus L.seeds were counted,and the tolerance of four kinds of Elymus L.seeds to low temperature and drought during germination was comprehensively analyzed by membership function method.The results showed that with the increase of drought stress and the decrease of temperature,the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,root length and shoot length of the four Elymus L.seeds showed a downward trend.The seeds of four Elymus L.species could not germinate under low temperature(5℃)stress.When the temperature was 10,15,20℃,and the concentration of PEG-6000 was 10%and 20%,the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,root length and bud length of the four Elymus L.seeds were significantly lower than those in the control(P<0.05).When the concentration of PEG-6000 solution was 30%,only a small amount of forage seeds germinated at 20℃,and there were no signs of forage seeds germinated at 15℃and 10℃.According to the membership function analysis,the cold resistance and drought resistance of the tested materials in the germination stage were in the order of Elymus nutans‘Baqing'>Elymus nutans Griseb.>Elymus dahuricus>Elymus sibiricus.The results indicated that Elymus nutans‘Baqing'was suitable for spreading in low temperature

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 低温胁迫 披碱草属 种子萌发 隶属函数法 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]