唐宋时期佛塔地宫悬镜初探  

Exploring Mirror-Hanging Practices in the Underground Palaces of Pagodas during the Tang and Song Period

作　　者：王文波 Wang Wenbo

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史与档案学院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2024年第6期103-111,共9页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

摘　　要：佛塔地宫悬镜主要流行于唐宋时期,多见于横穴式地宫中。文章通过对已有资料的系统梳理与研究,认为地宫悬镜可分为顶镜、顶镜与壁镜组合两种类型,以顶镜为主;悬镜很可能是借用铜镜或“古镜”传统的驱魔辟邪功能,意在强调对地宫内舍利的镇护,这一点与当时舍利瘗埋的世俗化、末法思想的流行密切相关;地宫悬镜与墓葬悬镜关系密切,悬镜并非是某一种宗教信仰的独特内容,而是传统丧葬和辟邪观念的进一步发展。Mirror-hanging practices within the underground palaces of pagodas emerged prominently during the Tang and Song period,predominantly discovered in tomb-imitating underground structures.This phenomenon,concentrated notably during the early and middle Northern Song Dynasty,primarily occurred in the northern regions.Two main types of hanging mirrors are identified:the ceiling mirror and the combination of ceiling and wall mirrors,with the former being predominant.These hanging mirrors served various purposes,including traditional exorcism functions akin to those of copper or̒Ancient Mirrors’,and the safeguarding of Buddhist Sarira relics.Such practices were intimately tied to the secularization of Buddhist Sarira burials and the prevailing thought of the decline of the Dharma during the Tang and Song period.The close association between hanging mirrors found in tombs and those in pagoda underground palaces suggests a shared regional custom of mirror-hanging,evolving independently.Therefore,mirror-hanging should not be solely attributed to a particular religious tradition;rather,it represents a further development of traditional funeral and exorcism practices.

关 键 词：唐宋时期 地宫悬镜 舍利镇护 世俗化 墓葬悬镜 

分 类 号：K875.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K242[历史地理—历史学] K244