大直径空孔对掏槽爆破效果的影响机理研究  

Study on the Influence Mechanism of Large Diameter Empty Hole on Cutting Blasting Effect

作　　者：赵艳伟[1] 邰成群 孙进辉 何丽华[4] 杨长辉 ZHAO Yanwei;TAI Chengqun;SUN Jinhui;HE Lihua;YANG Changhui(Yuxi Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi 653100,China;Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Mine Research Institute of Yunnan Copper Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650051,China;Kunming Metallurgy College,Kunming 650033,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪矿业有限公司,云南玉溪653100 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [3]云南铜业股份有限公司矿山研究院,昆明650051 [4]昆明冶金高等专科学校,昆明650033

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2024年第8期164-173,共10页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

摘　　要：针对大红山铜矿巷道掘进爆破出现炮孔利用率低、单次循环进尺低、现场半孔率低、超欠挖严重及轮廓面不平整等问题,通过数值模拟软件LS-DYNA,构建三、四、五、六个大直径空孔四种掏槽爆破模型,对四种大直径空孔数量条件下的掏槽爆破成腔效果进行数值模拟研究,为后续掏槽布孔设计提供指导。研究表明:大直径空孔对岩体爆破损伤有导向作用,六个大直径空孔诱导形成的爆腔面积最大,约0.1321 m^(2),比五个大直径空孔的爆腔面积增长了8.55%,比四个大直径空孔的爆腔面积增长了2%,比三个大直径空孔的爆腔面积增长了8.01%;大直径空孔的阻隔作用明显,空孔的存在可以使得爆破振动峰值下降51.63%,有效应力峰值下降67.24%。Aiming at the problems of low utilization rate of blast hole,low footage of single cycle,low half hole rate,serious overbreak and underbreak and uneven contour surface in roadway excavation blasting of Dahongshan Copper Mine,four kinds of cut blasting models of three,four,five and six large diameter empty holes were constructed by numerical simulation software LS-DYNA.The numerical simulation study on the cavity forming effect of cut blasting under the condition of four large diameter empty holes was carried out,which provided guidance for the subsequent design of cut hole layout.The results show that the large diameter empty hole has a guiding effect on the blasting damage of rock mass.The area of blasting cavity induced by six large diameter empty holes is the largest,about 0.1321 m 2,which is 8.55%higher than that of five large diameter empty holes,2% higher than that of four large diameter empty holes,and 8.01%higher than that of three large diameter empty holes.The barrier effect of large diameter empty holes is obvious.The existence of empty holes can reduce the peak value of blasting vibration by 51.63%and the peak value of effective stress by 67.24%.

关 键 词：掏槽爆破 预制空孔 爆腔面积 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD236[矿业工程—矿井建设]