2020—2023年宝鸡市蝇类生态学监测及家蝇抗药性调查  

Ecological surveillance result of flies and insecticide resistance of houseflies in Baoji City from 2020 to 2023

作　　者：王军浩[1] 付海龙[1] 王钊 郭仲夏 吕文[2] WANG Junhao;FU Hailong;WANG Zhao;GUO Zhongxia;LYU Wen(Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji,Shaanxi 721006,China;Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心,陕西宝鸡721006 [2]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第4期318-321,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的调查分析宝鸡市蝇类种群密度、生境分布、季节消长规律及家蝇抗药性现状,为蝇类防控提供依据。方法蝇类监测采用笼诱法,家蝇抗药性测定采用点滴法。结果2020—2023年共捕获3科2属6种7178只成蝇,平均密度为1.43只/笼;全年蝇活动高峰期为6—8月,8月密度最高,为2.62只/笼;宝鸡市优势蝇种为家蝇、麻蝇,占比分别为58.30%、12.13%。农贸市场蝇密度最高(2.03只/笼),其次为餐饮外环境(1.49只/笼)、居民区(1.12只/笼),绿化带密度最低(1.09只/笼);4种生境中家蝇占比较高,且餐饮外环境、居民区家蝇占比均达60%以上。家蝇对残杀威、敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为136.37、54.25、146.03、38.44倍。结论6—8月是宝鸡市成蝇防控重点月份,农贸市场、餐饮外环境和居民区为重点防控区域,应在这些区域采取保持环境卫生、加强孳生地治理、完善防蝇设施等综合防制措施,以便有效控制蝇类密度水平,减少对人类的危害。Objective To investigate and analyze the population density,seasonal fluctuation of flies,and current resistance status of houseflies in Baoji City,so as to provide a basis for fly control.Methods The density monitoring of flies adopts cage trapping method,and the drug resistance monitoring of houseflies adopts drip method.Results A total of 7178 adult flies belonging to 6 species,2 genera,3 families were captured from 2020 to 2023,with an average density of 1.43 flies per cage.The peak of fly activity occurred from June to August,with the highest density of 2.62 flies per cage in August.The dominant fly species in Baoji City were housefly and Sarcophagidae,accounting for 58.30%,12.13%,respectively.The fly density was highest in farmers’markets(2.03 flies per cage),followed by catering environments(1.49 flies per cage)and residential areas(1.12 flies per cage),and lowest in green belts(1.09 flies per cage).Houseflies accounted for relatively high proportions in four habitats,and the proportion of houseflies in catering environments and residential areas had more than 60%.The resistance ratios of houseflies to propoxur,dichlorvos,deltamethrin,and beta-cypermethrin were 136.37,54.25,146.03,and 38.44 times,respectively.Conclusion June to August were key months for fly prevention and control in Baoji City,with farmers’markets,catering environments,and residential areas as key areas for prevention and control.Comprehensive prevention and control measures such as maintaining environmental hygiene,strengthening breeding ground management,and improving fly prevention facilities should be taken in these areas to effectively control fly density and reduce harm to humans.

关 键 词：蝇密度 季节消长 家蝇 抗药性 

分 类 号：R384[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]