2020—2022年北京市东城区蚊媒密度分析  

An analysis of mosquito density in Dongcheng District of Beijing from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：马卓 阙燃 魏绪强[1] MA Zhuo;QUE ran;WEI Xuqiang(Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100009,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100009

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第4期341-344,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：2021年北京市东城区优秀人才培养资助项目(2021-dchrcpyzz-23)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市东城区2020—2022年蚊种构成、密度及季节消长趋势,为蚊虫防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用CO_(2)诱蚊灯法于2020—2022年每年5—10月对东城区10个监测点进行蚊密度监测。Excel 2007软件对监测数据进行整理,GraphPad Prism 5软件进行统计学分析,采用单因素方差分析检验。结果2020—2022年共捕获蚊虫7488只,蚊密度为1.73只/(灯·h)。不同年份蚊密度差异无统计学意义(F=1.987,P=0.1476)。淡色库蚊为东城区优势种,占捕获总数的57.71%,白纹伊蚊次之;蚊总密度高峰出现在8月上旬和8月下旬;不同蚊种蚊密度季节消长曲线均呈单峰型;不同生境中居民区蚊密度最高,为2.37只/(灯·h),不同生境蚊密度差异无统计学意义(F=1.86,P=0.2148)。结论东城区应根据蚊虫密度、种类构成、季节消长规律采取针对性的综合防制措施,以居民区为重点场所,在高峰来临前开展灭蚊工作,防止蚊媒疾病的发生和流行。Objective To investigate the species composition,density and seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes in Dongcheng District of Beijing from 2020 to 2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for mosquito control.Methods The CO_(2)⁃light trap was used to monitor mosquito density at 10 monitoring sites from May to October annually during 2020 to 2022 in Dongcheng District.Excel 2007 software was used to organize the monitoring data,GraphPad Prism 5 software was used for statistical analysis,and one⁃way ANOVA was used to compare the different in groups.Results A total of 7488 mosquitoes were captured from 2020 to 2022,with the mosquito density of 1.73 mosquitoes per lamp·hour.There was no significant difference in mosquito density in different years(F=1.987,P=0.1476).Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant mosquito species in Dongcheng District,accounting for 57.71%,followed by Aedes albopictus.The peak mosquito density was occurred in early and late August.The seasonal adult density dynamic of Cx.pipiens pallens and Ae.albopictus was both a single peak curve.Among different environments,the highest density of mosquitoes was in residentials,reaching 2.37 mosquitoes per lamp·hour.There was no significant difference in mosquito density in different habitats(F=1.86,P=0.2148).Conclusion Dongcheng District should take targeted mosquito comprehensive control measures based on mosquito density,species composition and seasonal fluctuation.Residentials should be highlighted for special attention.It is important to take measures before the peak occurred and prevent the occurrence and spread of mosquito⁃borne diseases.

关 键 词：蚊虫 种群构成 季节消长 密度 监测 

分 类 号：R384[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]