苏州市校园食堂有害生物防制需求调查  

Investigation on vector control requirements in campus canteen of Suzhou City

作　　者：杨洋 顾灯安[1] YANG Yang;GU Dengan(Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215100,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215131

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第4期383-386,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：江苏省血地寄防科研课题(x202304);苏州市“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2022056)。

摘　　要：目的了解苏州市校园食堂目前主要有害生物防制现状,以及学校在有害生物防制方面的需求。方法采用问卷调查形式,用Excel 2016软件进行数据整理及作图,用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据分析,计数资料分析用χ^(2)检验方法。结果共回收有效问卷1061份,调查发现主要虫鼠害问题为:340家(32.05%)无虫鼠害、282家(26.58%)为鼠害、215家(20.26%)为蝇类、205家(19.32%)为蜚蠊,19家(1.79%)为其他害虫,不同类型学校的虫鼠害问题分布不同(χ^(2)=49.70,P<0.001)。委托有害生物防制服务机构学校的无虫鼠害率(24.66%)低于未委托的学校(39.01%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=25.06,P<0.001)。幼儿园的委托率(39.12%)低于其他类型学校的委托率(59.27%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.97,P<0.001)。在培训需求方面,742家(69.93%)认为最需要接受的是具体防制操作技能培训,197家(18.57%)认为是如何选择合适的有害生物防制服务机构,110家(10.37%)认为是相关法律法规和标准,12家(1.13%)认为需要了解其他内容;705家(66.45%)认为最需要对学校食堂直接管理人员开展培训,225家(21.21%)认为对学校后勤,74家(6.97%)认为对被委托的有害生物防制服务机构操作人员,27家(2.54%)有其他观点,其中,委托了有害生物防制服务机构的学校与未委托的学校在需要培训人员方面存在差异(χ^(2)=20.20,P<0.001);557家(52.50%)更乐于接受现场示教,408家(38.45%)倾向于网络视频学习,88家(8.29%)倾向于面对面授课,8家(0.75%)持其他观点。结论苏州市不同类型的校园食堂对有害生物防制的需求有差异,应对重点人群开展适宜培训方式。Objective To understand the current status of vector control in campus canteens in Suzhou City,and the needs of schools in vector control.Methods Excel 2016 was used to sort out the data and draw the map.SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the data,and Chi⁃test was used to compare count data.Results A total of 1061 valid questionnaires were collected,and the main vector infestations were found to be:there were 340(32.05%)schools with no pests,282(26.58%)with rodents,215(20.26%)with flies,205(19.32%)with cockroaches,and 19(1.79%)with other vectors.The distribution of pest infestations in different types of schools was different(χ^(2)=49.70,P<0.001).The pest⁃free rate of schools with third⁃party service(24.66%)was lower than that of schools without third-party service(39.01%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=25.06,P<0.001).The commission rate of kindergartens(39.12%)was lower than that of other types of schools(59.27%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=42.97,P<0.001).In terms of the training needs,742(69.93%),197(18.57%)and 110(10.37%)of the respondents thought that the operating skills of pest control,appropriate thirdparty insecticidal services and relevant laws,regulations and standards were the most needed respectively,while 12(1.13%)with other opinions.705(66.45%)thought that it was most necessary to carry out training for managers of school canteen,225(21.21%)for school logistical personnel,74(6.97%)for entrusted third-party operators,and 27(2.54%)had other views,of which,there were differences in the training of trainers between schools that commissioned a third party and those that did not(χ^(2)=20.20,P<0.001).557(52.50%)preferred on-site teaching,408(38.45%)preferred online video learning,88(8.29%)preferred face-to-face teaching,and 8(0.75%)held other views.Conclusion There are differences in the needs of pest control among different types of campus canteens in Suzhou,and targeted training should be carried out.

关 键 词：有害生物防制 校园食堂 需求 苏州 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]