聚氨酯-泡沫铝复合材料的性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Polyurethane/Aluminum Foam Composites

作　　者：刘运学[1] 贾旭 范兆荣[1] 谷亚新[1] 王晓丹[1] LIU Yunxue;JIA Xu;FAN Zhaorong;GU Yaxin;WANG Xiaodan(School of Material Science and Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang,China,110168)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期529-535,共7页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51908378)。

摘　　要：目的制备一种具有可恢复阻尼机制的聚氨酯-泡沫铝(PU-AF)减震复合材料,研究PU-AF减震复合材料的阻尼机制,泡沫铝体积质量对PU-AF静态压缩力学性能、吸能性能的影响。方法将制备的PU-AF复合材料在万能材料试验机上进行单调循环压缩试验,由应力-应变曲线研究复合材料的阻尼机制和吸能性能。结果当泡沫铝体积质量为0.70~0.85 g/cm 3时,在相同应变值下,随着泡沫铝体积质量的增加,PU-AF复合材料的屈服强度、弹性模量均增大。吸能效率在应变为30%以后有所降低,最佳吸能效率对应的应变为25%~35%。结论聚氨酯可以显著提高复合材料的应变恢复率;PU-AF是一种很好的减震复合材料。To prepare a polyurethane/foam aluminum shock absorption composite(PU-AF)with recoverable damping mechanism.Study the damping mechanism of PU-AF shock-absorbing composite materials;The influence of foam aluminum bulk density on the static compression mechanical properties and energy absorption properties of PU-AF.The method involves conducting monotonic/cyclic compression tests on the prepared PU-AF composite material on a universal material testing machine,and studying the damping mechanism and energy absorption performance of the composite material through stress-strain curves.When the bulk density of foam aluminum was 0.70-0.85 g/cm 3,the yield strength and elastic modulus of PU-AF composites increased with the increase of the bulk density of foam aluminum at the same strain value.The energy absorption efficiency decreases after reaching a strain of 30%,and the optimal strain range for energy absorption efficiency is between 25%and 35%.Polyurethane can significantly improve the strain recovery rate of composite materials;PU-AF is a good shock-absorbing composite material.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 开孔泡沫铝 体积质量 应变恢复率 吸能特性 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]