早产儿贫血情况分析及对神经心理发育的影响研究  

Analysis of anemia in premature infants and its influence on neuropsy-chological development ZHI Ziqing 1 LIAN Haijie 1

作　　者：植紫晴 练海捷 梁燕玲 冯锦红 祝灶连 LIANG Yanling;FENG Jinhong;ZHU Zaolian(Department of Child Health Care,Yunfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Yunfu 527300,China;Department of Clinical Psychology,Yunfu People’s Hospital,Guangdong Province,Yunfu 527300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省云浮市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,广东云浮527300 [2]广东省云浮市人民医院临床心理科,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2024年第14期40-43,72,共5页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

基　　金：云浮市医药卫生类科技计划项目(WS2022030601)。

摘　　要：目的分析早产儿贫血的发生情况及其相关影响因素,探讨贫血对儿童神经心理发育的影响。方法选取2022年6月至2023年5月在云浮市妇幼保健院出生并定期回院体检的110例早产儿作为研究对象,协助家属填写调查问卷,并在医院电子信息系统查阅住院病历获取有关信息,在早产儿纠正胎龄6月龄期间采集手指末梢血进行血常规检查,分析早产儿贫血情况及相关因素,采用Gesell发育量表评估早产儿的智能行为发育情况,观察早产儿贫血对神经心理发育的影响。结果110例早产儿中有60例贫血,贫血发生率为54.55%。贫血组的早产儿出生胎龄较非贫血组小,出生时体重较非贫血组更低,贫血组的妊娠期并发症患病率较非贫血组更高(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,出生胎龄小、出生时体重低和妊娠期并发症均为早产儿贫血的危险因素(P<0.05)。贫血组各项发育商值较非贫血组更低(P<0.05)。结论早产儿贫血发生率处于较高水平,出生胎龄小、出生时体重低和妊娠期并发症属于其危险因素,且贫血可对患儿神经心理发育造成不良影响,需加强孕期保健,降低早产儿贫血发生率。Objective To analyze the occurrence of anemia in premature infants and its related influencing factors,and to explore the effect of anemia on children’s neuropsychological development.Methods A total of 110 preterm infants born in Yunfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2022 to May 2023 who returned to the hospital for regular physical examination were selected as the study objects,assisted their families to fill out questionnaires,consulted inpatient medical records in the hospital electronic information system to obtain relevant information,and collected finger blood for routine blood examination during the 6 months gestational age correction of preterm infants.The anemia of preterm infants and its related factors were analyzed,the intelligent behavior development of preterm infants was assessed by Gesell developmental scale,and the influence of anemia on neuropsychological development of preterm infants was observed.Results Among the 110 premature infants,60 cases had anemia,the inci dence of anemia was 54.55%.The gestational age in the anemia group was smaller than that in the non-anemia group,birth weight of preterm infants was lower than that in the non-anemia group,and the prevalence of pregnancy complications in the anemia group was higher than that in the non-anemia group(P<0.05).The results of multiple-factor analysis showed that small gestational age,low birth weight,and pregnancy complications were risk factors for anemia in preterm infants(P<0.05).The development quotient values of anemia group were lower than those of non-anemia group(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of anemia premature infants is at a high level.The risk factors include small gestational age,low birth weight,and pregnancy complications.It is necessary to strengthen health care during pregnancy to reduce the incidence of premature anemia.

关 键 词：早产儿 贫血 影响因素 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]