有机肥与无机肥配施对小麦产量及土壤质量的影响  

Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on wheat yield and soil quality

作　　者：李玲 LI Ling(Agricultural Technical Extension Center of Yingquan District,Fuyang 236000,China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳市颍泉区农业技术推广中心,安徽阜阳236000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第15期22-25,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为深入探究有机肥与无机肥配施对小麦生长发育、产量形成以及土壤质量的综合效应,从而为当地小麦生产制订科学合理的施肥策略,在实现化肥减量的同时提高肥料利用效率。本试验设置了5种不同的处理方案:空白对照组(CK)、常规化肥单独施用组、化肥用量减少20%并配合有机肥施用组、化肥用量减少40%并配合有机肥施用组,以及化肥用量减少60%并配合有机肥施用组,通过田间小区试验方法进行对比研究。结果表明,不同比例的有机肥与无机肥配施方式对小麦植株生长特性、最终产量表现及土壤性质均有一定影响。其中,当化肥用量减少20%并配施有机肥的处理条件下,小麦的产量达到较优水平(8910 kg/hm^(2))。相较于单一使用化肥的情况,有机肥与无机肥合理配施不仅能够明显促进小麦的生长与高产,还能有效地改善和优化土壤质量,体现出良好的生态效益和经济效益。To investigate the comprehensive impact of organic-inorganic fertilizer blending on wheat growth,yield formation,and soil quality,with the aim to develop a scientifically sound optimal fertilization regimen tailored for local wheat production that promotes efficient reduction in chemical fertilizer usage while enhancing its effectiveness.5 distinct treatments were established:the control group(CK),conventional inorganic fertilizer application,a treatment where chemical fertilizer was reduced by 20%combined with organic fertilizer application,another where chemical fertilizer was decreased by 40%in conjunction with organic fertilizer use,and a scenario where chemical fertilizer was diminished by 60%along with organic fertilizer supplementation.These treatments were evaluated through field plot experiments.The results elucidated that the varying effects of different proportions of blended organic and inorganic fertilizers on wheat plant growth characteristics,ultimate yield performance,and soil properties.Notably,the treatment where chemical fertilizer application was reduced by 20%and complemented with organic fertilizer demonstrated the highest wheat yields(8910 kg/hm^(2))among all treatments.Compared to exclusive use of chemical fertilizers,the judicious combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers not only significantly enhanced the growth and high-yielding potential of wheat but also effectively improved and optimized soil quality,thus illustrating favorable ecological and economic benefits in agricultural practice.

关 键 词：小麦 有机肥与无机肥配施 产量 土壤质量 化肥减量 耕地保护 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]