反射控制:一个信息操纵理论的形成、发展与应用研究  

Reflexive Control:The Formation,Development and Application of a Theory about Information Manipulation

作　　者：王海霞 徐宗煌 石进[1] Wang Haixia;Xu Zonghuang;Shi Jin(School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023;FuJian Police College,Fuzhou 350007)

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院,南京210023 [2]福建警察学院,福州350007

出　　处：《情报杂志》2024年第8期102-112,共11页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“面向国家安全的科技情报态势感知研究”(编号:21BTQ012);福建省科技创新智库课题研究项目“网络空间涉华虚假信息安全风险识别与应对策略研究”(编号:FJKX-2023XKB016)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]反射控制方法可以影响决策者思维及其决策过程,研究反射控制理论的发展及应用,对了解信息操纵活动提供理论参考。[研究方法]通过系统性的文献梳理方法,梳理了反射控制理论的形成和发展过程,探讨了反射控制理论可解释利用欺骗性信息操纵对方决策的过程,揭示了该理论在当下的应用价值。[研究结论]反射控制面向的是对方思维和决策过程中的信息处理活动,核心是利用对方信息“过滤器”中的薄弱环节进行反制,关键是要适时地向对方传递操纵其决策的欺骗性信息。该理论率先由原苏联地区的研究人员提出,被克格勃推崇为苏联的情报战略而得到广泛的应用,在美苏冷战中逐渐形成了一套具有实施原则、方法、要素、步骤与流程模型的理论体系,是信息战中的关键理论武器,对当下的信息操纵活动依然有一定的解释价值,能够为建立有效的防御体系提供指引。[Research purpose]The reflexive control methods can influence the deciders’thinking and decision-making process.The development and application of the reflection control theory are studied to provide theoretical reference for understanding information manipulation activities.[Research method]Through systematic literature review,this paper reviews the formation and development process of reflexive control theory,discusses the theory can explain the process of the manipulation of the opponent’s decision-making with disinformation,and reveals its application value in the present.[Research conclusion]The theory is aiming at the opponent’s information processing activities in their thinking and decision-making process,whose core is to turn the tables by using the weakness of opponent in their information filter,and the key is to timely transmit disinformation to manipulate its decision.The theory was first proposed by researchers in the Soviet Union,and was widely used by the KGB as the intelligence strategy,and then gradually formed a theoretical system with implementation principles,methods,elements,steps and process models in the Cold War.As a key theoretical weapon in information warfare,reflexive control still has certain explanatory value for current information manipulation activities and may provide guidance for establishing effective defense system.

关 键 词：信息战 决策干预 信息操纵 欺骗性信息 反射控制 

分 类 号：G350[文化科学—情报学]