不同硝态氮水平下钙对小麦根系发育的影响  

Effects of Calcium on Root Growth of Wheat under Different Nitrate Levels

作　　者：王盛锋[1,2] 陈磊 江华波[1,4] 高丽丽 乙引[4] 汪洪[1] WANG Shengfeng;CHEN Lei;JIANG Huabo;GAO Lili;YI Yin;WANG Hong(Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources/Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co.Ltd,Jingmen,Hubei 448000,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086,China;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业农村部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,北京100081 [2]新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司/养分资源高效利用湖北省工程研究中心,湖北荆门448000 [3]黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [4]贵州师范大学生命科学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2024年第8期1041-1047,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1700603);国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(2013CB127402);北京市自然科学基金项目(6112021)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同硝态氮供应水平下外源钙对小麦根系生长发育的影响,通过水培实验,在不同浓度硝态氮(0、2.5、50.0 mmol·L^(-1))下设置0 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)(缺钙)、2 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)(正常供钙)和2 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)+6 mmol·L^(-1)EGTA(Ca^(2+)螯合剂)三个外源钙梯度,比较分析了不同处理下小麦地上部鲜重及根系长度、表面积等形态指标的差异。结果表明,与2.5 mmol·L^(-1)硝态氮处理相比,0和50 mmol·L^(-1)(高浓度)硝态氮供应下,小麦地上部鲜重、侧根长度、根系表面积、根系体积均明显减少,根系生长受到抑制。无硝态氮(0 mmol·L^(-1))供应下,缺钙与EGTA施用对小麦根系侧根长度、侧根总数、次生根数、平均侧根长度均无明显影响。在硝态氮供应条件下,缺钙与EGTA施用后小麦根系伸长受抑,初生根长度、侧根长度、根系总长度均显著变短;一、二级侧根数及侧根总数和根系表面积均明显减少;直径>0.45 mm的根系所占比例增加,根系变粗。缺钙和添加EGTA对小麦根系生长发育影响表现一致。综合分析,硝态氮供应水平对小麦根系生长发育具有重要调控作用,外源钙可能参与了硝态氮的这一生物学功能。In order to understand the effect of calcium on root growth of wheat under different nitrate levels,a hydroponics experiment was conducted with 0 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)(no Ca^(2+)),2 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)(normal Ca^(2+)supply)and 2 mmol·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)+6 mmol·L^(-1)EGTA(a Ca 2+chelating agent)under the three nitrate levels of 0,2.5 and 50.0 mmol·L^(-1).The differences of the shoot fresh weight and root morphology indices of wheat among different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that compared with 2.5 mmol·L^(-1)of nitrate level,the shoot biomass,lateral root length,root surface area,root volume of wheat were significantly reduced under the nitrate supply of 0 mmol·L^(-1)and 50 mmol·L^(-1)(high concentration).Compared to the normal calcium treatment,calcium deficiency and EGTA(Glycol-bis-(a-aminoethylether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid)application did not affect the length of lateral roots,the total number of lateral roots,root sections,average lateral length of wheat under no nitrate supply,but significantly decreased the lateral root length,primary root length,total root length,the primary and secondary lateral root number,the total number of lateral roots and root surface area,increased the proportion of root with the diameter more than 0.45 mm and root system under nitrate supply.The effects of calcium deficiency and added EGTA treatments on wheat root growth and development were consistent.It is suggested that nitrate level played a regulatory role in wheat root growth,and exogenous calcium may be involved in the nitrate biological function.

关 键 词：硝态氮 钙 EGTA 小麦 根系 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S3