米槠和杉木人工林凋落叶和土壤磷淋溶损失  

Leaching loss of phosphorus from litter and soils in Castanopsis carlesii and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations

作　　者：林莹 廖姝 吴福忠 张欣影[1,2,3] 倪祥银 LIN Ying;LIAO Shu;WU Fuzhong;ZHANG Xinying;NI Xiangyin(School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Sanming,Fujian 365002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350117 [2]湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州350117 [3]福建三明森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,三明365002

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第3期530-536,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32022056、32101509、32171641)资助。

摘　　要：磷是植物生长必需元素之一,是森林生态系统初级生产力的重要限制元素.磷极容易通过降水而淋溶损失,特别是在降水丰沛的亚热带森林,因此研究凋落叶和土壤磷淋溶损失对认识亚热带森林土壤肥力和可持续经营具有重要意义.以亚热带米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)人工林和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林为对象,通过原位微宇宙淋溶试验,连续监测森林凋落叶和土壤淋溶液中磷淋溶损失特征.结果表明:(1)米槠和杉木人工林凋落叶淋溶液磷酸根浓度表现为米槠人工林(0.038 3 mg/L)>杉木人工林(0.035 0 mg/L).(2)不同林型之间凋落叶淋溶液磷酸根月通量差异显著,主要趋势是杉木人工林(0.035 9 g m^(-2)mo^(-1))>米槠人工林(0.029 8 g m^(-2)mo^(-1)).(3)米槠、杉木人工林凋落叶淋溶液磷酸根年通量分别为0.238、0.287 g m^(-2)a^(-1),土壤淋溶液磷酸根年通量分别为8.80、7.02 g m^(-2)a^(-1).凋落叶磷淋溶在土壤磷淋溶中占比较少:米槠人工林、杉木人工林凋落叶淋溶出的磷酸根年通量仅占土壤淋溶液磷酸根年通量的2.70%、4.12%.上述结果说明,人工种植米槠的磷淋溶损失量会高于杉木人工林;凋落叶输入不是上述两种类型森林磷淋溶通量的主要来源,对土壤磷淋溶无显著影响.P is an essential element for plant physiology and a major limiting nutrient for primary productivity in forest ecosystems.Given that P is highly susceptible to leaching losses through precipitation,especially in subtropical forests with abundant precipitation,it is of great significance to assess P leaching losses from litter and soils to better understand the role of soil fertility and sustainable management in subtropical forests.In this study,we continuously monitored the characteristics of P leaching from forest leaf litter and soil using in situ microcosmic leaching experiments in Castanopsis carlesii and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations.The results showed that(1)the P concentrations in the litter were in the following order:C.carlesii plantation(0.0383 mg/L)>C.lanceolata plantation(0.0305 mg/L).(2)The monthly phosphate flux in the litter leaching solution was significantly different between the two study forest types:the C.lanceolata plantation(0.0359 g m^(-2) mo^(-1))>C.carlesii plantation(0.0298 g m^(-2) mo^(-1)).(3)The annual fluxes of phosphorus in the litter leaching solution of C.carlesii and C.lanceolata plantations were 0.238 and 0.287 g m^(-2) a^(-1) respectively.The values of annual phosphate fluxes from soil leaching were 8.80 and 7.02 g m^(-2) a^(-1) for the studied forest types,respectively.P leaching from the leaf litter accounted for a small proportion of soil phosphate leaching.The leaching loss of P in the C.carlesii plantation was higher than that in the C.lanceolata plantation.The results verified that leaf litter input was not the main source of forest P leaching flux for the above two types and had no significant effect on soil P leaching.

关 键 词：磷淋溶 凋落叶 土壤 亚热带森林 人工林 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]