南宁市2013—2022年流行性感冒流行特征及病原学监测  

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological surveillance results of influenza in Nanning City from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：梁晓云[1] 梁长威[1] 梁夏楠 潘利花[1] 劳雪琼 LIANG Xiaoyun;LIANG Changwei;LIANG Xia′nan;PAN Lihua;LAO Xueqiong(Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2024年第7期857-863,共7页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：南宁市医学重点学科项目[No.南卫医(2021)4]。

摘　　要：目的分析2013—2022年南宁市流行性感冒(简称“流感”)的流行特征及病原学监测数据,为流感防控提供参考依据。方法收集南宁市2013—2022年流感发病情况及流感病毒病原学监测结果,建立数据库,利用SPSS21.0、Joinpoint软件进行数据统计分析,探讨南宁市流感流行病学分布和病原学流行特征,采用季节指数法分析流行季节。结果2013—2022年南宁市流感发病率总体呈逐渐上升趋势,年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)为47.63%(P<0.05),年均发病率为84.47/10万(6.65/10万~302.55/10万)。南宁市流感高发月份为1月、6月、12月,其流感季节指数均大于100%,报告的病例占比分别为12.69%、29.41%、25.97%。男、女发病率均呈上升趋势,差异无统计学意义(P=0.66),报告病例男女比例为1.24∶1。病例分布5~<10岁年龄组最多,占31.17%,以学生、散居儿童、幼托儿童为主要发病人群。累计报告流感病例最多的县区为西乡塘区,占21.12%;年均发病率最高的县区为兴宁区(214.72/10万)。流感暴发疫情主要发生在学校及托幼机构,共占97.84%;其中小学最多,占63.07%。2013—2022年南宁市流感病毒优势毒株交替流行,2013年1月—2019年3月甲型H1N1和H3N2流感病毒占比较高,2019年4月—2022年12月以甲型H3N2和B(Victoria)系为主。结论2013—2022年南宁市流感流行呈上升趋势,具有明显的季节变化,各年流感流行病毒亚型不同,发病人群主要为学生及儿童,暴发疫情主要发生在学校,应加强学校流感防控工作,及时发现和处置暴发疫情。Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Nanning from 2013 to 2022,to provide a reference for the prevention and control of influenza.Methods The data of influenza incidence and etiology surveillance results of the influenza virus in Nanning from 2013 to 2022 were collected to build a database.Data statistical analysis was performed through SPSS 21.0 and Joinpoint software to explore the epidemic trend and epidemic characteristics of the influenza virus in Nanning,and the seasonal index method was used to analyze the epidemic seasons.Results The reported incidence of influenza in Nanning showed an overall upward trend from 2013 to 2022,with an annual percent change(APC)of 47.63%(P<0.05),and an average annual incidence rate of 84.47/105(ranging from 6.65/105 to 302.55/105).The peak months for influenza in Nanning were January,June,and December,with the seasonal indices of influenza all exceeding 100%,and the proportions of reported cases was 12.69%,29.41%,and 25.97%,respectively.Both male and female incidence rates showed an upward trend without significant difference(P=0.66).The male-to-female case ratio was 1.24∶1,with the highest case distribution in the 5-<10 years age group,accounting for 31.17%,mainly among students,scattered children,and preschoolers.Xixiangtang District reported the largest influenza cases(21.12%),and Xingning District had the highest annual incidence(214.72/105).Influenza outbreaks mainly occurred in schools and kindergartens,accounting for 97.84%;primary schools accounted for 63.07%of the total.From 2013 to 2022,the dominant strains of influenza viruses alternated in Nanning,with a higher proportion of influenza A(H1N1)and(H3N2)viruses from Jan.2013 to Mar.2019.The dominant strains from April 2019 to Dec.2022 were influenza A(H3N2)and B(Victoria)lineage.Conclusions The intensity of the influenza epidemic in Nanning City showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022,with obvious seasonality.The dominant subtypes of influenza viruses varied each year.The main a

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流行特征 监测 发病率 南宁市 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]