食盐督运政策与陕甘宁边区的财政经济问题  

The Compulsory Salt Transportation Policy and Fiscal Challenges of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government

作　　者：崔溶芷 Cui Rongzhi

机构地区：[1]扬州大学社会发展学院 [2]陇东学院文学与历史文化学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2024年第4期139-151,M0006,共14页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：为缓解日益紧张的财经状况,1941年5月陕甘宁边区政府颁布《为动员人民运销六十万驮食盐的决定》,开始半强制性地动员群众运销食盐。食盐督运政策的颁布与施行,引起中国共产党领导人内部发生争论。边区政府以谢觉哉为代表认为,大规模动员群众运盐将导致“人民赔累,荒废农时”;西北局高岗等则认为“运盐是有钱赚的”,应“以运盐为中心”。毛泽东出面调解,食盐督运政策得以修正执行。食盐督运论争的实质,是党内“片面的保守的”和“积极的发展的”两种财经观点分歧在具体政策方面的碰撞。1942年底西北局高级干部会议后,发展的财经观点被普遍接受。To ease mounting financial pressure,the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government issued the Decision to Mobilize the People to Transport and Sell 600,000 Packets of Salt in May 1941,effectively forcing the masses to participate in salt transportation and sale.This decision sparked a debate among leaders of the Communist Party of China.Xie Juezai,representing the Border Region Government,cautioned against extensive mobilization,citing risks of"people's exhaustion and agricultural disruption."Conversely,the Northwest Bureau of the CPC,led by Gao Gang,argued for prioritizing profitable salt transportation.Mao Zedong intervened,leading to a revision and implementation of a semi-compulsory policy on salt transport and sale.The dispute highlighted ideological differences within the Party regarding financial and economic policies.A senior cadre meeting of the Northwest Bureau in late 1942 formally endorsed the stance advocated by Gao Gang.

关 键 词：陕甘宁边区 食盐督运 谢觉哉 根据地财政 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]