论农村宅基地所有权代表行使主体的优先秩序--基于全国司法类案的实证分析  

The Priority Order of the Representative Exercise Subject of Rural Homestead Ownership:An Empirical Analysis of the National Judicial Cases

作　　者：李玲玲 董千毓 LI Lingling;DONG Qianyu

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2024年第4期67-89,共23页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“城乡融合发展中进城落户农民土地权益保障制度实施效果与优化研究”(编号:23BFX060)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：农村宅基地制度改革的薄弱环节是集体所有权如何有效行使,而集体所有权代表行使主体并未呈现法律所要求的秩序安排,实践中产生了权利行使秩序的一系列问题。通过对司法类案的实证分析,本文研究发现,实践中宅基地所有权代表行使主体秩序争议主要表现为宅基地所有权依法适用争议、宅基地收益归属争议、宅基地所有权法定主体多样化争议。而宅基地所有权代表行使主体秩序争议主要缘于法人治理不足,即内部治理状态下,主体的释法地位缺失与权利配置失衡,内部权利地位缺陷由内到外显化为外部秩序的掣肘,最终导致主体优先秩序混乱。由农村集体经济组织法人代表行使宅基地所有权具有基本优势和当然地位,因此,应以主体法律地位强化为基,一方面通过主体土地权利的有效行使实现法人内部治理,另一方面通过构建主体职能互补框架实现法人外部治理,从而构建内外兼备的宅基地所有权代表行使秩序体系。The weak link in the reform of the rural homestead system lies in how to effectively exercise collective ownership,and the representative exercise subject of collective ownership has not established the required legal order,leading to a series of problems of the order of exercising rights in practice.Our empirical analysis of judicial cases reveals that disputes over the order of representative exercise subject of homestead ownership mainly involve the application according to law,profit atribution,and the diversification of legal subjects of homestead ownership.However,the disputes over the order of representative exercise subject of homestead ownership stem from a lack of legal person governance,manifesting as internal right status defects that ultimately lead to chaos in subject priority order.The exercise of homestead ownership by the legal representative of rural collective economic organizations has inherent advantages and natural status.Therefore,strengthening the legal status of the subject is crucial for achieving internal govermance through subjects'effective land rights exercise while external governance can be achieved by constructing complementary functional frameworks for the subjects,thereby establishing an internal and extermal order system for representative exercise ofhomestead ownership.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 农村宅基地 所有权 代表行使主体 法人治理 司法实证 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学] F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]