家务和收入的双向因果关系:理论争论与实证探索  

The Bidirectional Causal Relationship between Housework and Income:Theoretical Debate and Empirical Exploration

作　　者：许琪[1] 张世琦 XU Qi;ZHANG Shi-qi(School of Social and Behavioral Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2024年第4期30-42,共13页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

摘　　要：本文使用2018年和2020年两期“中国家庭追踪调查”(CFPS)数据和交叉滞后模型研究了家务和收入之间的双向因果关系。研究发现,妻子的绝对收入水平越高,家务时间越短,同时妻子的家务时间也对自身的绝对收入水平有负向影响,因此妻子的家务时间和绝对收入之间存在明显的双向因果关系。丈夫的家务时间随妻子相对收入的增长呈现出先增多后减少的“倒U形”曲线变化,同时丈夫的家务时间增多有助于增加妻子的绝对收入以及妻子相对丈夫的相对收入,因此丈夫的家务时间与妻子的相对收入之间存在双向因果关系。上述结论表明,公共领域和私人领域的性别不平等存在相互渗透和相互强化的关系,只有从公私两个领域同时发力,才能在劳动力市场和家务分配两个方面建立更加和谐平等的性别关系。This paper adopts a cross-lagged model to investigate the reciprocal causal relationships between housework and income using two waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2018 and 2020.The findings reveal a significant bidirectional causality between a wife's absolute income level and her hours doing housework.Specifically,as the wife's absolute income increases,her housework hours decrease,and vice versa.Moreover,there is an inverted U-shaped trend in the husband's involvement in housework as the wife's relative income rises,initilly increasing before eventually decreasing.Notably,an increase in the husband's hours doing housework has a positive impact on both the wife's absolute and relative incomes.Thus,a dual causal relationship emerges between the husband's housework hours and the wife's relative income.These observations highlight the intertwined and reinforcing nature of gender inequalities in both public and private domains.Addressing these disparities requires efforts to promote equal and harmonious gender relationships in labor markets and the equitable distribution of housework at home.

关 键 词：家务 收入 双向因果 交叉滞后模型 

分 类 号：C913.14[经济管理]