何以文明:研究进路与“行为”视角  

How are Civilizations Formed:Research Approaches and the Behavioral Perspective

作　　者：陈忠[1] Chen Zhong

机构地区：[1]苏州大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2024年第7期12-23,128,共13页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：世界文明的转换期往往是文明的反思期,文明与世界文明史研究存在多种视角,行为是内嵌其中的重要线索。劳动与行为创造了人本身以及文明,反思文明史特别是早期文明史会发现,刻磨、涂层、编结,是人类创制文明的重要原型行为。刻磨即去蔽,涂层即遮蔽,编结即整合。正是以不同原型行为为基础,在原型行为的打开、创新、整合中,人类创造了丰富多彩的器物文明、秩序文明、意义文明。原型行为的比例相对均衡,样态不断展开,相互融合、相互促进,是文明良性、可持续发展的行为学基础。在现实利益、市场竞争、消费社会等语境下,原型行为及其具体展开呈现出涂层化趋势,可能导致深刻的文明危机。以行为为基础,建构更具生生性、质朴性、普惠性、生态弹性的文明,对于建设中华民族现代文明、创造人类文明新形态,具有路径意义。The transitional periods of world civilizations often serve as epochs for reflecting on civilizations themselves.The study on civilizations and world history of civilizations can be approached from multiple perspectives and with human behaviors as a crucial thread.Labor and behavior have created both humanity itself and civilizations.Reflecting particularly on the history of early civilizations,we shall realize that carving,coating,and weaving are prototypical behaviors of great significance in the creation of civilizations.Carving represents uncovering,coating implies covering,and weaving signifies integration.It is on the basis of these diverse prototypical behaviors that the human species has crafted a rich tapestry of material civilizations,ordered civilizations,and significant civilizations.A relatively balanced proportion of prototypical behaviors,continuously evolving forms,mutual integration,and mutual enhancement,constitute the behavioral basis for a benign and sustainable civilization.In the context of practical interests,market competition,and consumer society,these prototypical behaviors and their specific developments tend to become superficial,which will lead to a profound crisis for civilization.Building a civilization on the basis of behaviors that are vibrant,simple,inclusive,and ecologically resilient is significant for the development of modern Chinese civilization as well as the construction of new forms of human civilization.

关 键 词：文明研究 行为视角 商原型行为 生生文明 文明弹性 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]