欺骗型奸淫中被害人同意效力的认定  

The effect confirmation of the consent of the victim in the sexual intercourse by deception

作　　者：王晓[1] 李心蕊 WANG Xiao;LI Xinrui(School of Law and Politics,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学法政学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期430-438,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University：Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江理工大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(YJG-M202213)。

摘　　要：欺骗型奸淫中被害人同意效力的认定不仅在刑事裁判实践中存在疑难,而且在理论上直接关系到强奸罪中“违背被害人意志”成立与否。基于刑法家长主义的全面无效说极度扩大了处罚范围,而以保护法益为出发点的法益关系错误说在疑难案件中难以自圆其说。为修正传统理论的缺陷,需要以认识错误产生原因及知道规则为第一层次判断标准,再以认识错误是否与法益相关作为第二层次判断标准,最后以同意的任意性作为第三层次判断标准,从而确立一般性的判断方法。欺骗型奸淫能够进一步类型化为身份欺骗型、性行为性质欺骗型、期待利益欺骗型及隐瞒性病欺骗型,并在修正的法益关系错误说指导下分别获得合理的判断与论证。以层次化的被害人同意判断标准为指引,能够合理应对欺骗型奸淫行为的司法认定问题,并推进刑法实现保障人权与保护法益的双重目标。The effect confirmation of the consent of the victim in the sexual intercourse by deception is a knotty problem in criminal judicial practice, and has the direct bearing on the establishment of being "against the will of the victim" in the crime of rape in theory. The overall invalidity based on the paternalism of criminal law has greatly expanded the scope of punishment, while it is hard to justify itself in difficult cases for the wrong legal interest relationship theory, which takes protection law benefit as its starting point. To remedy the defects of the traditional theory, it is necessary to take the reasons of cognitive errors and the rule of the knowledge as the screening criteria at the first level, the correlation between the cognitive error and the legal interest as the judgment mechanism at the second level, and the arbitrariness of the consent at the third level, so as to establish a general judgment method. Sexual intercourse by deception can be further concretized into the types of deceiving by identity, deceiving by the nature of sexual intercourse, deceiving by expectation benefit, and deceiving by concealing venereal diseases, and can be rationally judged and demonstrated under the guidance of the revised theory centering on the error of legal interest relationship. Guided by the hierarchical criteria for judging victim consent, it can reasonably respond to the judicial determination of sexual intercourse by deception, and advance the criminal law to achieve the dual goals of protecting rights and legal interests.

关 键 词：欺骗型奸淫 被害人同意 法益关系错误说 认识错误 知道规则 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]