北约太空政策的调整及其影响  

Adjustments of NATO’s Space Policy and Its Implications

作　　者：何奇松 HE Qisong

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《国际问题研究》2024年第3期112-129,134,共19页International Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“国际太空新竞争及太空命运共同体构建研究”(编号:21BGJ021)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：北约把太空作为作战场域,并在个案基础上,把《北大西洋公约》第五条集体自卫条款引入太空。北约希望利用新兴、颠覆性技术扩大其太空优势,提高成员国的太空韧性,提升太空系统的互操作性与兼容性,增强北约的太空威慑实力,进而强化北约整体威慑与防御能力。太空政策的巨大转变是北约进一步转型与深化的具体体现,凸显了北约作为军事安全组织的属性。北约太空政策的调整是美国基于对中国崛起的认知而施压该组织的结果,也是美国与北约视俄罗斯为大西洋安全威胁的结果,将增加国际太空治理的难度。国际社会围绕建立以美国规则为基础还是以国际法为基础的太空秩序的斗争将更加激烈。NATO has designated space as an operational domain and,on a case-by-case basis,has extended Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty,which addresses collective defense,to apply in space.NATO aims to leverage emerging and disruptive technologies to expand its space superiority,increase the redundancy and resilience of its member states’space capabilities,enhance the interoperability and compatibility of space systems,and strengthen its space deterrence capabilities.These efforts are intended to bolster NATO’s overall deterrence and defense posture.This significant shift in space policy is a concrete manifestation of NATO’s transformation,highlighting the organization’s inherent military-security nature.The adjustment in NATO’s space policy is primarily the result of US pressure on the organization,driven by its perception of China’s rise and its view of Russia as a threat to Atlantic security.This shift will likely complicate international space governance.The global struggle over whether the space order should be based on US rules or international law is expected to intensify.

关 键 词：北约 美国 太空政策 国际太空治理 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]